Experimental kinetic studies of reduction and distillation of nonferrous metals into the gas phase during complex processing by electrosmelting of the metallurgical industry waste–the Waelz clinker of oxidized zinc ores of JSC «Achpolimetal» (settl. Achisai, Republic of Kazakhstan)–are performed. The investigation into the mechanism of reduction and distillation of lead and zinc from the Waelz clinker during its electrosmelting was performed in laboratory conditions using the Tamman furnace in a temperature range from 1773 to 1973 K. It is established that the degree of transition (distillation) of Zn and Pb into the gas phase at Т = 1973 K for 55 min are αZn = 98,6 % and αPb = 99,6 %, respectively. Zinc is mainly distilled (94–96 %) for first 28–32 min, while lead
is mainly distilled (94–96 %) for 30 min. The apparent activation energies during the distillation of zinc and lead are determined (αZn,Pb = 70 %): Еapp = 127,3 and 146,14 kJ/mole

The surface state of the cryolite–alumina melt of the aluminum electrolyzer is investigated using an acA640-120gc industrial color camera (Basler, Germany) and developed AMS CAM (automated measurement system for cryolite–alumina melt) software package. The dependence of varying the total brightness at various alumina concentrations is found. The growth rate is determined and features of formation of a crust on the melt surface with various cryolite ratios are revealed.

The composition and characteristics of the sublimate of the aluminum–scandium Al–2%Sc master-alloy production are investigated using electron microscopy, electron probe microanalysis, X-ray phase analysis, and inductively coupled plasma emission spectroscopy. It is established that the sublimate consists of particles 1–5 μm in size by 60 %; the coarser of them have a shell, inside which, inclusions (segments, particles, pieces) of various phases are present. The sublimate consists of metal aluminum (~35 %), two modifications of aluminum fluoride (~57 % total), and the rest is corundum. The scandium content is 0,5–0,6 wt %. It is shown that the use of hydrometallurgic methods is reasonable for its processing. The method of preparing «rich» concentrate with 3–11 wt % Sc from this type of waste by the treatment of the sublimate with the 10-% caustic soda solution at
80 °C is proposed.

A new technology of fabrication of high-strength electroconductive aluminum alloys and plane samples, which is based on the method of casting by immersion with the action of weak current pulses (WCPs) and pulsed magnetic fields (PMFs) with the subsequent multicycle rolling, is proposed. The object of the investigation were alloys containing 97,7–98,3 % Al and alloying additives (Cu, Mg, Mn, Si, Fe, Zn, Sc, and Zr). The considered technology enabled us to fabricate the samples 0,20–0,25 mm thick with a nanodimensional structure (d < 100 nm). It is established that the PMF and WCP effects differently affect the physical characteristics of the alloy. The WCP treatment compared with the PMF enables one to attain higher strength (up to 430 MPa) and electrical conductivity (up to 55 % IACS) but lower plasticity. As the aluminum content in the alloy decreases by 0,5 %, its
electrical conductivity lowers by 6–14 %, and its largest drop (up to 14 %) is observed for the WCP-treated samples, while the smallest one (up to 6%) is observed for the PMF-treated samples.

The influence of dispersity of charge silicon and structure of initial charge alloys on density of silumins of the Al–Si system is investigated using the improved express-method for determining the melt density. It is established that the structure of charge materials substantially and stably affects this characteristic, which should be taken into account in preparation technologies of alloys of the Al–Si system.

Properties of the TNM-B1 alloy based on γ-titanium aluminide are investigated in order to find reliable results of simulation of casting processes used to fabricate the blades of gas-turbine aircraft engines. Thermal properties of the TNM-B1 alloy are experimentally determined using the methods of differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), laser flash (LFA), and dilatometry (DIL). Various variants of gate-feeding systems for the production of cast blades using a smelting-pouring installation for vacuum induction smelting («Consarc», Scottland) in conditions of JSC Ufa Engine Production Association. The test casting is obtained and its defects are analyzed. Good correspondence of results of modeling to actual centrifugal pouring of blades is shown.

The quality of results of mathematical modeling the pressure treatment of metals (PTM) substantially depends on the exactness of the initial data, which include the rheological properties of the billet material. The traditional procedure of their testing is based on the assumption that the sample temperature remains constant during testing. However, it is known that strain sample heating occurs during isothermal loading. Modern plastometers do not foresee monitoring the sample temperature during testing, which introduces the substantial error when calculating the deformation resistances and, correspondingly, temperature
fields and energy-power parameters of PTM processes. In connection with this, the procedure and results of the experimental investigation into the heat liberation in the samples made of the VT-6 titanium alloy under torsion using a laboratory torsion plastometer in a temperature range of 800–1000 °C at deformation rates of 0,01–10,0 s–1 (1–600 rpm) are presented in this article. The temperature of the sample surface was monitored using a photopyrometer during testing. It is established that the sample surface substantially heats at relatively high loading rates, and the temperature increment to the destroy instant can reach 50–60 °C at the testing rate of the order of 10 s–1 and initial temperature of 850 °C. The error in determining the strain resistance is of the order of 30 %.

Theoretical notions and formation modes of the crystallographic texture of the sheets made of the V95pch aluminum alloy, which provides the intensification of formation of detail made of fiber aluminum laminates by stretch-forming. The deformation texture (orientations S and Bs) is formed during hot rolling; it enhances during further cold rolling. The recrystallization texture is formed during annealing (orientations {011}〈100〉 and {023}〈100〉). An increase in the limiting stretch-forming coefficient after cold rolling is provided by two-stage annealing, which includes rapid heating at the continuous heat treatment line and subsequent complete annealing in an in-and-out furnace with slow cooling.

Al–Zn alloys after the intense plastic deformation by the high-pressure torsion method have three various classes of grain boundaries (GBs) Al/Al wetted with a second zinc-enriched phase. Completely wetted Al/Al GBs are coated with a layer of the zinc-enriched phase thicker than 30 nm. Partially (incompletely) wetted Al/Al GBs contact with particles of the zinc-enriched phase with a contact angle >60° but contain no any measurable zinc concentration. Pseudopartially wetted Al/Al GBs also contact with Zn particles with a contact angle >60°. However, they have a thin interlayer of the zinc-enriched phase with a uniform thickness of 2–4 nm, the presence of which explains the unusually high plasticity of the Al–Zn alloys after highpressure torsion.

Results of the investigation into the properties of the hard alloy fabricated by isostatic pressing and sintering of powders prepared by EDM dispersion of tungsten-containing waste of the T15K6 alloy in distilled water and burning kerosene. An original installation developed and patented by the authors was used for EDM dispersion of conductive materials. Isostatic pressing of the powder was performed using an EPSI press (Belgium) at a pressure of 300 MPa and sintering was performed in a Nabertherm high-temperature furnace (Germany) in vacuum at 1500 °C for 2 h. The content of main elements (W, Ti, Co) both in powder and in the hard alloy fabricated from it was established using the electron probe microanalysis. Microhardness of powder and alloy is investigated and it is shown that powder prepared by EDM dispersion in kerosene and alloy made of it have increased HV compared with the samples fabricated using water as the working liquid.

Algorithms for the calculation of convective exchange coefficients and construction of zonal heat balance equations for computer modeling of calcination of carbon-base materials in a rotary-drum furnace are developed. The possibility to find adequate results in the course of the computing experimental investigation into this process using its complex mathematical model implemented as a computer program is shown.

A mathematical model of the filtration process in zinc production based on material balance equations by consumptions of production media and concentrations of separate components is developed. The model enables one to determine consumptions and amounts of fabricated products, evaluate its current state, and predict future states.