The 80-th anniversary of the misis

Khavsky N.N., Egorychev K.N. Contribution of the MISIS scientists into nonferrous metallurgy

Bystrov V.P. The Vanjukov¢ s process and furnace

Mineral Processing

Ignatkina V.A., Strizhko V.S., Shehirev D.V. The purification of water solutions from cobalt, nickel, copper, zinc ions by diethylditiocarbamate reagent
The experimental data of the study of the main regularities of precipitate formation of cobalt, nickel, copper, zinc ions by diethylditiocarbamate reagent in a wide pH values range and depending to the initial concentration in water solution, molar ratio precipitator/metal and the kinetics of precipitate formation have been given. It has been determined that it is possible to state the following set according to the degree of extraction of the investigated metal ions by the reagent: Ni~Cu>>Co~Zn. It has been established that depending to the initial concentration of the metal in water solution the results expected could be divided into three regions: С_ini less than 1· 10- ³ M - not satisfactory results; C_ini from 1· 10- ³ to 3· 10- ³ M - not stable results; С_ini more than 3· 10- ³ M - stable results. The perspectivity of the usage of the given reagent as a collector for ionic flotation at local purification of acid industrial flows.

Skrilyov L.D., Mentchuk V.V., Perlova O.V. Flotation isolation of uranyl ions with the help of fine-dispersed solid solutions dialkylphosphine acids in paraffin
It has been found expedient to use thin-dispersed 0,06-0,50 molal solid solutions of dibutyl-, dihexyl-, dioctyl- and didecyl- phosphine acids in paraffin used as flotation carriers (collectors) of uranyl ions from their diluted(10-20 mg of metal in one litre) sulphuric, hydrochloric and nitric acid solutions. It has been shown that efficiency of the carriers (collectors) action is defined by their adsorptional capacity i.e. by the amount of ionic groups of dialkylphosphine acids present on its surface. The most effective collectors of uranyl ions are fine-dispersed solid solutions of dioctvl- and didecylphosphine acids in paraffin. The highest degree of flotation isolation, of ions is observed in the range of pH values equal to 2,0-2,5.

Extractive Metallurgy of Heavy Nonferrous Metals

Naboychenko S.S., Halemskii O,A. About the solubility of oxygen in sulphuric solutions under autoclave conditions
Reference data on the solubility of oxygen in sulphuric acid water solutions have been generalized using the methods of mathematical statistics. The oxygen solubility in sulphuric acids of the same composition at V= 0,1÷ 0,8 MPa and T = 353÷ 453 K has been determined by volumetric, chemical, polarographic methods of the analysis. The numerical dependencies of the influence of the temperature and viscosity of the solution on oxygen solubility have been obtained. The algorithm of the calculation of oxygen solubility depending on its pressure and temperature at certain viscosity of initial solution has been suggested. The obtained data are useful for the calculation of kinetic parameters of the process of oxidation and solution using oxygen, at the analysis of aeration effectiveness of the mixing devices.

Baitov A.A., Baitova O.I., Zhukov V.P., Naboychenko S.S., Metallographic investigation of metallurgical slags and steins of nickel production
The results of macro-, micro-, and X-ray structural analysis of the slags of converter and electric furnace conversion and cobalt stein have been stated. The description of the method of the probe selection at industrial conditions, and polished sections production has been given. Microscope “Neophot-2” mark and X-ray diffractometer “Dron-3” have been used, the samples photography has been made at 100-500 magnification. It has been established that at slow slag cooling the formation and precipitation of sulphides proceed more completely than at fast one. The conclusion about the necessity of the perfection of probe selection of melting products, search of optimal regimes of conversion and slags exhaustion have been made.

Varnek V.A., Budanov A.M. The investigation of the forms of iron and tin in synthetic slags
Using the method of Mossbauer spectroscopy on the nuclei ¹¹⁹Sn and ⁵⁷Fe the series of quenched synthetic oxidized phases (24 samples) modelling real slags of tin production on their chemical composition and the conditions of their production has been studied. The connection of the forms of iron and tin in slags with their alkalinity has been established. Tin is in silicate forms Sn²⁺ and Sn⁴⁺, and iron is in the form Fe²⁺ in the main group of the slags studied. The regression equation connecting the ratio Sn⁴⁺/Sn²⁺ with the equilibrium partial oxygen pressure in the system and ratio CaO/SiO₂ has been obtained.

Kozin V.F., Omelchuk A.A. The refining of zinc by the method of thin layer electrolysis with bipolar electrode in salt melts
The electrolytic method of zinc refining in molten electrolytes has been put forward. The sense of it is a carrying on of purification through the basalt diaphragm in molten electrolytes at interelectrode distances being of the order of (0,5-1,0)· 10- ³ m. The refining at small interelectrode distances makes it possible to decrease the specific consumption of electric power by a factor 1,5-1,7 as against known process of refining in melts, and the quantity of electrolyte necessary for electrolysis, can be decreased by a factor 175-200, with the maintenance of high purity of zinc. The effect of electrolysis conditions on the quality of zinc and current efficiency has been determined. To win the high purity zinc electrolysis with a 1iquid bipolar zinc electrode has been proposed. The usage of the bipolar electrode permits one to extract zinc having (1-8)· 10- ⁵ % of impurities.

Extractive Metallurgy of Light Metals

Chernova O.P., Lysenko A.P., The technology of the preparation of electrolyte for the production of ligature Al- alkaline earth metal
The investigations on the determination of technological parameters of the production of dry strontium chloride from strontium carbonate and ammonia chloride have been made. Technological scheme of the preparation of the electrolyte on the base of strontium, barium and potassium chlorides for the production of Al-alkaline earth metal ligature has been suggested.

Extractive Metallurgy of Less-Common Metals

Voropanova L.A., Velichko L.N. Extractional purification of cobalt (II) aqueous solutions from the impurities
The possibility of solvent extraction and purifying of cobalt (II) aqueous solutions from copper, chromium, nickel and manganese by the extraction method has been studied, optimum extraction conditions have been determined.

Metal Forming

Samusev S.V., Markov A.M., Sherba V.N., Spichak M.G., Senchihin M.S. The investigation of form change of transverse section of profile at its bending into the rim of wheel
The problems of the estimation of the change of geometry of transverse section of pressed profile of different thickness during the process of the production of the rim of automobile wheel have been considered, theoretical and practical results on the change of profile thickness have been compared. The approaches to the projecting of tool for the preventing of defect appearance have been suggested.

Stanishevskii S.E., Zarapin A.Yu., Chichenev A.N. The method of the calculation of vacuum systems for technological equipment
To create of the optimal system of vacuum systems for technological equipment a general block diagram of vacuum calculation with the algorithms of the choice of vacuum schemes and pumps has been developed on the base of up-to-date sources and reference data.

Physical Metallurgy and Heat Treatment

Vozdvizhenskii V.M., Vozdvizhenskaya M.V., Ilyina E.E. The usage of the method of the resulting concentrations for the calculation of the characteristics and properties of titanium alloys
The method of the resulting of the concentrations of the alloying elements in titanium alloys in two parameters Ca and Cb characterizing the total influence correspondingly, of a - and b -stabilizing elements has been suggested on the base of coefficient of phase stabilizing ability. The efficiency parameters Ca and Cb has been tested by the methods of regression analysis for the selection from 19 the most spread titanium alloys with various alloying elements ratio. The possibility of the calculation of the temperature of polymorphous transformation T_PT and strength properties s _в and s _0,2 using resulting concentrations Ca and Cb has been shown. The resulting of the element concentrations in multi component alloys in two characteristics allows to made visualizing of the dependencies “composition-property” correctly for the determination of the fields of optimal alloying or choice of threshold concentration values.

Pevzner M.Z. and Khajutin S. G. Levels of active rolled products characteristics checking
The influence of rolled production technological factors on the correlation of texture and mechanical characteristics has been researched. The advantage of the using of texture parameter as a checking quality feature has been described. The prospects of the organization on its base of continuous automatic mechanical characteristics regulation system (CAPC) have been considered. The study of texture features rezults behaviour during the production process allows to predict texture-based characteristics on its early stages and, thereby, introduce the methods of “preventive” checking quality of finished product.

Powder Materials and Coatings

Narva V.K., Egorychev K.N., Kurbatkina V.V., Ermilov A.G., Shkulin D.A. The influence of the mechanical activation of powder components on the technology and properties of carbide steels
The influence of the mechanical activation of powder mixtures of carbide steels with 20-40 % of titanium carbide (the rest is X6B3M steel) on their properties has been studied. It has been established that mechanical activation allows to use as initial components of the alloys titanium and soot powders, and to decrease the cost of the process of the production of carbide steels due to the decrease of mixing time and caking temperature, and the usage of cheep initial products.

Shtanskii D.V., Levashov E.A., Sheveiko A.N., Moor J.J. Optimization of the parameters of vacuum rectional deposition of superhard Ti-Si-B-N coatings
Multicomponent Ti-Si-B-N coatings were deposited on high-speed steel (HSS) substrates by reactive magnetron sputtering using SHS TiB₂+Ti₅Si+Si target. The influence of the substrate temperatures, bias voltage and nitrogen partial pressure on the structure and the elemental compositions of the films were studied. The films were characterized with high resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM), Auger spectroscopy (AES) and X-ray diffraction (XRD). The results of HRTEM analysis indicated the formation of ordered-disordered structure with fine crystalline grains of hexagonal Ti(B,N)_x phase and amorphous intergrain layers. The stoichiometry of Ti(B,N)_x phase was strongly affected by PVD process parameters. The films were characterized in terms of their microhardness and wear-resistance. Dependencies between microhardness, stoichiometry phase, coefficient of hexagonal and grain size this phase in thin film state were established. The reasons of high value of microhardness (up to 7000 HV₂₅) appear to be the result of stoichiometric phase composition, compressive residual stress and dense and fine microstructure of the Ti-Si-B-N coatings. The tribological wear test results indicated the superior wear-resistant properties of Ti-Si-B-N coatings compare to TiN and Ti (C, N) coatings.

Denisova E.I., Obabkov N.V., Beketov A.R., Knyazev I.V. Composite powders ZrO₂-Y₂O₃-BN for compression coatings of gas turbine engines
The technology of composite powder of ZrO₂-Y₂O₃-BN composition for plasma sputtering of compression coatings has been developed. The technology is based on combined deposition of hydroxides with simultaneous introduction of fine dispersed BN powder, followed by granulation with freezing and heat treatment. Composite powders on the base of zirconium oxide partially stabilized by yttrium oxide with boron nitride content from 10 to 50 %. X-ray phase and sedimentometric analyses have shown that boron nitride particles as well as zirconium oxide particles forms powder granules. The discharge of the fraction necessary for plasma sputtering (10-80 m m) is more than 90 %. The increase of boron nitride content more than 50 % leads to significant decrease of composite particles strength and significant decrease of their fluidity, which makes them practically unacceptable for plasma sputtering.

Chronicle

To the memory of Vasilii Ivanovich Smirnov (to 100^th anniversary )

To 60^th anniversary of Vladimir Alexandrovich Lebedev