MINERAL PROCESSING OF NONFERROUS METALS
Panshin A.M., Yevdokimov S.I., Artyomov S.V.
Investigations in the field of flotation by air-steam mixture
The effect of induction and relaxation time of deformed adsorbedbubble layer on the stability of wetting film has been investigatedtheoretically and experimentally. During flotation by the mixture of dry airand saturated water steam – aerosol, the adhesion selectivity is shown toincrease at the cost stabilization of wetting film. Empirical information-free,method of steam consumption calculation has been developed during aerosolfloatation.
Key words: aerosol floatation, inductiontime, relaxation time, stability of wetting film, adhesion selectivity, steamconsumption.
Chekanova L.G., Radushev A.V., Nasrtdinova T.Yu.,Koltashev D.V., Naumov D.Yu.
Concentration of Cu(II), Co(II), Ni(II) ions with N-(2-hydroxyethyl)alkylamines
Optimum conditions of recovery of Cu (II), Co (II), and Ni (II) ions by dint of N-(2-hydroxyethyl)alkylaminces (GEA) fromammoniac solutions, namely pH values of the maximal recovery of M(II),influence of radical length of GEA and precipitation time, have beeninvestigated. Ratios in complexes: [Cu (II)] : [GEA]= 2 : 1, 1 : 1, 1 : 2; [Co (II)] : [GEA]= 1 : 1 and 1 : 2; [Ni (II)] : [GEA]= 1 : 1 and 1 : 2 have been found by the conductometry method. Complexes ofN-(2-hydroxyethyl)dodecylamine (GDA) with Cu(II) and Ni(II) ions have beenisolated and identified by IR-spectroscopy and the element analysis. Theefficiency of reagents as collectors used in the extraction of non-ferrousmetals from waste waters by the ionic flotation method has been shown by theexample of the GDA. The maximal recovery degree of metal ions from ammoniacsolutions reaches 99,4 % for Cu (II) (residual concentration (Сr) = 0,34 mg/l), 96,8 % for Co(II) (Сr = 1,55 mg/l); 99,0 % for Ni(II) (Сr = 0,60 mg/l).
Key words: ionic flotation, nonferrousmetals, N-(2-hydroxyethyl)alkylamines, collectors.
Solozhenkin P.M., Solozhenkin O.I.
Computer modeling of greasy acids
Greasy acids modified by sulfhydric collectors have beeninvestigated. Three-dimensional molecular models are constructed and the basiccomputer parameters of general steric energy are determined for these acids.Based on the computer design, new reagents are proposed for which molecularmodels are constructed and general steric energy is calculated.
Key words: greasy acids, sulfhydriccollectors, three-dimensional molecular models, charge on atoms, flotation,fluorite ore.
METALLURGY OFNONFERROUS METALS
Glushchenkov V.A., Grechnikov F.V.,Chernikov D.G., Lazareva A.A.
Formation of electrocontact rods of anodes for metallurgicalproduction
A method of manufacture of electrocontact rods in anodes by theeffect of pulse magnetic field (PMF) on metal melt is proposed for aluminum andmagnesium electrolyzers. Different modifications of rod modifications aregiven. The process of manufacture in the laboratory conditions is developed.IFU grade carbon-coke material is used as anode materials in the experimentsand Al–Si system cast aluminum alloy is used for electrocontact rods. Theresults of experimental studies are presented and estimation of the quality ofthe electric contact is carried out. It is established that the contactresistance is significantly less as compared with standard melt pouring.Reduction of the parameter is caused by filling of pores and microroughnessesof anodic carbon block under PMF pressure, thus resulting in extension ofphysical contact area.
Key words: electrolyzer, electrocontactrod, pulse magnetic field, melt, contact resistance, adhesion.
Artamonov V.V., Moroz D.R., Artamonov V.P.
Some features of cementing reduction of tin from concentratedsolutions
As shown experimentally during cementation of tin by aluminum fromconcentrated tin sulfate solution, a compact tin layer is formed on aluminum atthe initial process stage. The method of metallographic identification of tinlayer on aluminum surface is suggested.
Key words: cementation, tin, aluminum,sulfate solution, layer.
METALLURGY OF LESS-COMMON AND PRECIOUS METALS
Randin O.I.
Investigation of relative stability, structural, and electroncharacteristics of gold complexes [AuX2]– (X = SCN, CN,F, Cl, Br, I) and [Au(SC(NH2)2)2]+
The quantum-chemical calculations of electronic structure of complexgold ions Au+ have been carried out with taking the solvent effectinto account. Taking account of the solvent effect renders possible to reachqualitative agreement of the calculated series of coordinate bond (?Е0) deformation energies withexperimentally established series of gold complex stability constants (SCN ? Cl< Br < I << CN). Populations of outer orbitals and effective chargeon gold atom in [Au(X)2]– complexes arecalculated. The effective charges on gold atom in the considered series varyfrom 0,096е at fluoride complex to 0,396е at thiocarbamide one with formal gold oxidation degree of +1. Theresults of calculations render possible to eliminate the apparentcontradictions among the experimental data obtained by different methods andexplain them in the context of conceptualizations on gold sorption as part of [Au(CN)2]–.
Key words: complex Au+ iongold sorption, quantum-chemical calculations, electronic structure, effectivecharge, population of orbitals.
CASTINGPRODUCTION
Koltygin A.V., Bazhenov V.E.
Development of substitutes of Z-cast foundry sand used in3-dimensional print plants for production of aluminum, magnesium, and cast ironfoundry
The purpose of the work is development of Z-cast foundry sandsubstitutes for manufacture of molds and cores by the technique of3-dimensional print in «Z-corporation» plants (USA). The composition of Z-cast501 powder substitute with application of calcined gypsum binder and thecomposition of Zb56 firm binder substitute, which do not duplicate thecompositions of the firm consumables but render possible to produce molds beinganalogous in quality. Using these molds, castings of magnesium and aluminumalloys have been produced as well as the possibility is shown to producecastings of copper alloys and cast iron.
Key words: prototype making,3-dimensional print, casting molds.
METAL FORMING
Zhigulyov G.P., Skripalenko M.M.,Skripalenko M.N.
Thermal effect account in die forming of aluminum alloy billets
A technology problem concerning the thermal effect account in dieforming of aluminum alloy is considered. The dependence for calculation oftemperature rise of deformed material is given. To correct the die formingtemperature conditions is proposed by means of billet heat temperature loweringand mold flash thickness increase, that will reduce a fraction of rejectsconnected with metal melting in the field of mold flash and crack.
Key words: thermal effect, aluminum alloys, shear strain intensity, die formingtemperature conditions, cracks, melting.
Loginov Yu.N., Illarionov A.G., Klyueva S.Yu., Ivanova M.A.
Deformations and structure of metal in the course of cold buttwelding of copper billets
The stress-strain condition calculations of copper articles injoining them by cold welding way have been carried out by the method of finiteelements. It is established that the strain degree in the welding place isdistributed non-uniformly and reaches 3–5 in size. As metallographic analysisshows, a zone of sharp grain crushing appears near the weld. Microhardnessdistribution study shows the increase of this parameter to 1000 MPa in the zoneof weld placement as compared with 790 MPa in the base metal. The obtained testdata confirm the design characteristics.
Key words: copper, welding,stress-strain condition, structure.
MATERIALS SCIENCE AND HEAT TREATMENT
Churyumov A.Yu., Teleshov V.V.
Computer simulation of random distribution of non-equiaxed inclusionsin two-phase array structure
The article describes a computer program developed for simulationsof a random distribution in a given volume with the sides of X, Y, Z inlength with non-equiaxed rectangular inclusions of constant size (lx,ly, lz). The program determines the dependencebetween projections of inclusions P onto the orthogonal planes and thethickness of layer L using equation P = V + ALB, where Vis the volume fraction of inclusions; A and B are the empiricalcoefficients, and estimates other parameters of the structure. The programallows us to obtain the P–L curves for various combinations of thenumber and size of inclusions. The results will be used later for studying therelationship between the new (P, A, B) and traditional (V, li,Li, S) characteristics of the structure as well as theconsideration of their relationship with the properties.
Key words: computer simulation ofstructure, Monte Carlo method, wrought aluminum alloys.
ENERGY SAVING AND ENVIRONMENT PROTECTION
Arnautov A.D., Lapaev I.I.
Physical simulation of rotary kilns for coke calcination
The technical solutions aimed to increase the capacity of the rotarykiln for petroleum coke calcination are proposed. Installation of intrakilnmixing devices, namely longitudinal sills facilitating the coke stirringintensification and its heat transfer with lining and kiln medium is one of themost effective solutions. The development of sill structure is executed withthe method of physical simulation of coke movement process in the rotary kilndrum. The analysis of the physical simulation results is given and theeffectiveness of longitudinal sill application is proved. Installation of sillsin kilns renders possible to reduce transverse and longitudinal cokesegregation as well as prolong the time of its dwell in the kiln by 10,2 %,affecting positively the quality of calcined coke.
Key words: rotary kiln, calcination,physical simulation, petroleum coke, longitudinal sills, capacity of rotarykilns.
Misyulya D.I.
New device designs for reduction of energy consumption of cyclonedust separators
An analytical review of proposed recently techniques and devices forreduction of hydraulic resistance in cyclone dust separators is given. A new designof bladed untwisting device has been developed. It reduces the powerconsumption of the most popular cyclone separators: TsN-11 and TsN-15 by 27–29% and 25–27 % respectively without sacrifice of cleaning quality. Besides, afacility with recycling of flow the application of which results, along withthe reduction of energy consumption by cyclone separator, in increase ofcleaning quality by ~ 15 % is proposed.
Key words: cyclone, energy consumption,power inputs, untwisting device, hydraulic resistance, cleaning efficiency.
PROCESSCONTROL AND AUTOMATION
Dyunova D.N., Rutkovsky A.L.
On one method of structuring static models of short-term forecastingof non-stationary industrial projects
A method of mathematical description of non-stationary industrialprojects is proposed. It renders possible to execute identification of modelsand short-term forecasting of their conditions on a real-time basis on thebasis of optimum volume of regularly replenishing information.
Key words: identification method,continuous technological projects, optimum volume of information.
CHRONICLE
In memory of Vladimir Semyonovich Strizhko
