To the 70th anniversary of “Materials technology in machine-building industry” department of Samara State Technical University
Amosov A.P. The history of “Materials technology in machine-building industry” department
The historic development of the department “Materials technology in machine-building industry” is described in connection with the 70th anniversary. Formation of studies and researches, development of resource base, and selection of personnel are shown. Heads of the department are listed. The present-day state of the department is characterized.
Trakhtenberg B.F. Formation of a new scientific lead as “Technological thermal physics for the processes of plastic and thermal treatment”
The problem review covers a 40-year period of the formation and development of a new scientific branch: technological thermal physics of plastic and thermal treatment processes and other naturally adjoining subdivisions. A producting apparatus is established on the basis of which opportunities of obtaining new fundamental decisions and scaled realization of applied problems are revealed. A range of creative and applied decisions, which are successfully executed in different branches of technological thermal physics in the field of press forming, casting processes, resource-saving, and others, is given.
Casting Production
Yakubovich E.A. Simulation and analysis of solidification modes and stress state in the continuous ingot
A procedure to forecast the cooling modes and to estimate the stress state in continuous aluminum alloy ingots is proposed. The procedure is realized as algorithms of computer simulation and a calculation of solidification process in the joint analysis of thermal processes, stresses, and strains. Ranges of rational cooling modes are determined for AMg-6 alloy flat-shaped ingots. Forecasting estimates of the effect of the cooling modes on origination of possible crack formation zones are obtained for round D16 alloy ingot.
Physical Metallurgy and Heat Treatment
Muratov V.S. Theoretical bases and process of accelerated heat treatment of aluminum alloys
A review of studies is given in the field of thermal treatment of casting and deformed aluminum alloys. The studies are carried out at the department “Materials technology in machine-building industry” of Samara State Technical University. The main concepts of the developed approach to create effective processes of accelerated thermal treatment of aluminum-based alloys are considered. There described proposed activating temperature effects which are implemented in the course of the process and accelerate necessary structural changes in the following stages of the process: accelerated crystallization and after-crystallization cooling as well as cooling from the temperatures of plastic yield and heating temperatures for heat treatment including the application of reduced isothermal holding time and temperature cycling are regulated.
Favstov Yu.K. Alloys with reversible inelastic deformation
A review is given of the works made at the department “Materials technology in machine-building industry” in two directions: high damping alloys and alloys with shape memory. The department is shown to be one of the founders of the first direction in which the procedures related to determination of damping capability and the fundamental studies of damping capability in iron, titanium, and copper based alloys has been carried out. A system of alloy service properties necessary for engineering calculations when designing the drives with power elements made of the alloys with shape memory has been developed according to the second direction.
Ivanov A.I. Study of behavior and nature of thermomechanical fatigue
The main results are given of the studies related to thermal (TF) and thermomechanical fatigue (TMF) and carried out at the department since 1964. Original TF, TMF and high temperature fatigue test units differing by independent mechanical loading from a thermal cycle are described. Periodicity of changing the mechanical and physical properties and structure during cyclic, temperature, and loading effects (CTLE) was found from the results of complex studies of TMF initial stages. The dependences of strength and service life during TMF on CTLE main factors are established. Temperature and heating time exert the greatest effect on the TMF criteria. Deformation mechanisms, metal state, and changes in hardening phase dispersity define the TMF phenomenon kinetics. The TMF curves, on which breaks are shown, are plotted. Periodic behavior of the TMF phenomenon is analyzed: four stages are chosen. Physical essence of the elementary processes at each stage is established and the suggestions concerning the causes of the interchange of stage are made. Based on the statistical analysis the TMF criteria to be used to choose steels more efficient during CTLE and optimization of the modes of their thermal treatment.
Kenis M.S., Troshina L.V. Heat-treatable parts as an object of optimal control
Using the R. Bellman’s principle of relativity, criteria of optimal heat treatment are formulated beginning from casting, plastic deformation and ending with thermal treatment. Mathematical statements or problem and algorithms of their solving for the ingot heating and cooling processes being as nonlinear systems with distributed parameters are given. Using the universal design model, a problem of optimal control of part quenching in dies has been solved. The effect of “stock–die–flow cooler” system parameters on the kinetic behavior of the system cooling has been analyzed.
Amosov A.P., Muratov V.S. Progress trend in the production of aluminum automotive heat exchangers in Russia
The tendencies have been analyzed which concern the development of production of aluminum automotive heat exchangers in Russia. A necessity of organization of the production of soldered aluminum heat-exchanging facilities is shown. It is expedient to create the technological process on the basis of aluminum and its alloys soldering process using NOCOLOC noncorrosive flux.
Structural Macrokinetics. Self-Propagating High-Temperature Synthesis
Bichurov G.V. Self-propagating high-temperature synthesis of refractory nitrides using sodium azide and halides
The studies on the use of inorganic halides of various types have been carried out in the systems “element (elements)¾ sodium azide” for obtaining nitrides, nitride-nitride compositions and “element (elements)¾ carbon¾ sodium azide” for obtaining carbonitrides and nitride–carbide compositions. It was found that introduction of halides into initial mixture makes it possible to obtain final refractory powders with higher purity and specific surface. The fibrous structure is typical for majority of them.
Markov Yu.M. Synthesis of transition metal carbonitrides by SHS-method using solid nitriding reagents
The work gives a brief review of the results on the synthesis of transition metal carbonitride powders TiC0,5N0,5, ZrC0,5N0,5, HfC0,5N0,5, NbC0,5N0,5, and TaC0,5N0,5 including a complex carbonitride of titanium-niobium composition Ti0,77Nb0,25C0,5N0,5 in the mode of self-propagating high-temperature synthesis with the use of solid nitrogen-bearing reagents: sodium azide and halide salts (SHS-Az). SHS-carbonitride powders were successfully tested in various fields of science and technology and the carbonitrides obtained by the SHS-process with the use of solid nitriding reagents can be competitive to analogous powders obtained by other processes. The prospects of further studies on the synthesis of transition metal carbonitrides in the SHS-Az mode are analyzed.
Makarenko A.G. Technology of ceramic materials on the SHS basis with filtration of gases
Production of refractory powders and porous materials in the mode of filtration combustion, while the directional flow (filtration) of reacting or impurity gases through starting porous charge or combustion products takes place in the SHS-reactor, expands the opportunities of the SHS-process. This paper represents a review of experimental and theoretical results of both new and already published and obtained in SSTU for the last 15 years.
Fedotov A.F. Problems related to the mathematical simulation of the SHS-compacting process
The models characterizing macrostructural, thermal, and deformation processes, which take place in pressing uncooled SHS-products in sand envelope, are analyzed. Aerodispersed state of the solid phase is shown to be specific for the Ti¾ C¾ Ni and Ti¾ B system synthesis products at temperatures of combustion and pressing. Quasi-stationary state of the temperature field (internal cooling mode) was found in the central zone of a billet. Rheological models of sand envelope and solid-liquid products of synthesis are given. The variational method was applied to numerical solution of the boundary-value problem of plastic deformation during SHS pressing. Adequacy of the proposed models is experimentally confirmed.
Maidan D.A., Bichurov G.V. Self-propagating high-temperature synthesis of IV, V, and VIII group metal nitrides using sodium azide and ammonium halides
The optima are proposed during the synthesis of HfN, VN, NbN, TaN, Fe4N, Co3N, and Ni3N nitride powders in the mode of self-propagating high-temperature synthesis (SHS) using solid nitrogen-bearing compounds: sodium azide and halide (SHS-Az). The combustion temperatures in the first and second combustion fronts and speeds of chemical reaction propagation are found. The effect of nitrogen pressure in the reactor on the combustion and synthesis parameters: temperature and output speed of chemical reaction was established. The reaction course completeness was estimated from the values of acid-base balance, and the phase composition of the end synthesis products was determined.
Chronicle
Shukyurov R.I. is 70 years old
