Mineral Processing of nonferrous metals
Zubareva G.I. Techniques of purifying acid-base sewage water of electroplating production from heavy metal ions
Comparative characteristics of the following techniques of purifying acid-base sewage water of electroplating production from heavy metal ions are given: reagent, sorption, electrochemical, flotation, and diaphragm ones.
Extractive Metallurgy of Nonferrous Metals
Lukin M.N. Thermodynamic model of cryolite-alumina melts
The structure of cryolitic melts in the range of cryolitic ratio 1,4ѕ10 is considered on the basis of thermodynamic calculations.
On the whole, a rise in alumina concentration in the melt is shown to de-crease NaF activity, however there is a maximum at alumina content of about 2 %. The data obtained can be evidence of decreasing total metal solubility when alumina content increases.
Golovnykh N.V., Bychinsky V.A., Kocherzhinskaya V.F., Katkov O.M. A study of aluminate solu-tions by computer modeling of physical-chemical processes
Thermodynamic modeling of physical-chemical processes being as a basis of obtaining and processing aluminate solutions has been executed. It was fount that the boundaries of stability of studied ion-complex structures during decomposition of aluminate solutions are T = 85 °C, caustic module aC = 1,75-1,65, and degree of carbonization (molecular ratio C/Al) w = 0,6. Formation of hydroalumocar-bonates is possible at aluminate concentration no less than 0,05 mole/dm3 in carbonized solutions.
Metallurgy of less-common and precious metals
Buchikhin E.P., Kochneva N.N., Chekmarev A.M., Erisov A.G. A study of gold dissolution mecha-nism and kinetics in iodine-iodide solutions
Gold dissolution kinetics by iodine-iodide solutions has been studied by means of disc electrode. Po-larization curves look like those for self-passivating metal dissolution. The effect of temperature on gold dissolution rate in iodide solutions was investigated describing the rate by the equation: W = ke-E/(RT)[I2][KI]0.55, where E is the activation energy.
Metal Forming
Mochalov N.A., Belov M.I., Mochalov S.N. Determination of ovalization and a level of residual stresses during tube production by coil drawing
A mathematical model developed on the basis of the variational principle of deformational theory of plasticity and the theory of small elasto-plastic strains enables to forecast tube ovalization and a level of residual stresses during tube production by coil drawing. The model can be used for designing and optimization of the technological schemes of coil drawing process.
Kalinin V.G. The effect of interaction of tool and billet materials on the quality of welding seams on molded articles of aluminum alloys
The experimental results are given concerned with the effect saturation of the metal contact zone with matrix iron on weldability in conditions of molding along with welding. Application of chemical nickel-plating of combined matrices for the purpose of excluding penetration of iron into a welding seam on molded articles of aluminum alloys has been shown to be expedient.
Casting Production
Kolachev B.A., Timoshkin A.V. The effect of off-furnace spray treatment of aluminum melts on gas saturation in AK9ch (AL4) alloy
The off-furnace treatment of aluminum melts by argon spray with flux containing (%) 35 NaCl, 25 KCl, 30 NaF, 10 Na3AlF6 leads to tenfold reducing of gas saturation in ingots, being impossible by other refining techniques. At the same time the content of nonmetallic inclusions in ingots is greatly reduced.
Physical Metallurgy and Heat Treatment
Mazursky M.I., Yenikeev F.U. A simple quantitative criterion of pore-formation during superplastic deformation of two-phase materials
A simplified mechanistic scheme of pore-formation during superplastic deformation of two-phase ma-terials was formulated. On its basis, a simple quantitative criterion was proposed making it possible to forecast appearance (or lacking) of pores by using the phase strength ratio.
Powder Materials and Coatings
Yermilov A.G., Safonov V.V., Levashov E.A., Kolyakin A.V., Doroshko L.F. The effect of prelimi-nary mechanical activation on heat release from mixtures of varying composition in the titanium-tungsten-carbon system
The effect of mechanical activation of the components of complex charges on their heating power was analyzed. The interaction in the complex systems is shown to take place simultaneously in the combustion mode even at a great difference in the temperatures (~400 °C) of the beginning of reacting the preactivated components. The effect of increasing the reactivity of preactivated multicomponent systems as compared with separated reacting of their components was found.
Laptev A.I., Manukhin A.V., Sannikov D.S., Yermolayev A.A., Kryukova L.M. Application of different graphite grades for synthesis of polycrystalline carbonado diamonds
The paper describes the effect of starting structure properties of artificial MG OSCh, MG-1 OSCh, MPG-6 graphite grades on the synthesis process and strength of polycrystalline carbonado diamonds. It was established that quality of diamond powders depends on structural perfection of the graphite grades. It was necessary to determine structural construction and a number of phases making up a graphite grade in determining suitability of the graphite grades for carbonado synthesis.
Levinsky Yu.V., Petrov A.P., Saul S. Namango The effect of carbon dispersion on the content of solid solutions of refractory metal carbides and nitrides to be equilibrium with it
An analysis of the effect of dispersion and excess free energy of carbon on the content of solid solu-tions of refractory metal carbides and nitrides, which are equilibrium with it, has been carried out. It was shown that shifting the content of solid solution being equilibrium with every form of disperse carbon can run to several tens of percents. The shift does not depend on nature of metal and nitrogen pressure, being a function of excess free energy of carbon, temperature, and the content of the solid solutions.
Kasimtsev A.V., Korneev L.I. Technique and properties of hydrogen sorbents on the basis of Ni5La intermetallic compound
A technique of producing Ni5La alloy powders, hydrogen sorbents, by processing of oxide and metal mixtures by calcium hydride was proposed. Being of practical significance, industrial batches of alloy powders on the basis of Ni5La intermetallic compound have been produced and studied.
Structural macrokinetics. Self-propagating high-temperature synthesis
Belov D.Yu., Borovinskaya I.P., Mamyan S.S. Self-propagating high-temperature synthesis of TiCѕSiC composite material powders
The SHS method was applied for production of TiѕSiC composite materials of different phase ratios. Titanium, soot, silicon, silicon carbide, titanium dioxide were used as starting components. Powders, which contain up to 70 and 35 wt. % SiC, were produced from compounds of the TiѕCѕSi and TiѕCѕSiC systems respectively. The effect of component ratio, partial substitution of initial elements on their oxides (Ti and TiO2), density of starting mixture, and inert gas pressure on combustion tem-perature and rate, phase and chemical content of the products, material structure and properties has been studied.
Chukhlomina L.N., Ziatdinov M.Kh., Maksimov Yu.M., Sidorova E.V. Production of niobium ni-tride from SHS-nitrided ferroniobium
The process of ferroniobium nitriding has been studied under the combustion conditions. Nitrogen pressure, powder dispersion, and combusted sample density dependence of the degree of nitriding was found. The process of acid enrichment of nitrided ferroniobium in 15 wt. % hydrochloric acid solution was investigated, and niobium mononitride was produced. Element and phase content of niobium ni-tride was established by chemical and X-ray analyses, and its physical-chemical properties were meas-ured.
Surface engineering. Multifunction films. Corrosion and metal protection
Uskova N.N., Duda T.I., Malyshev V.V. Electroreduction of tungsten (VI) oxide forms and electro-deposition of tungsten coatings from tungstate-metaphosphate melts
Electroreduction of tungsten dimmer complexes in metaphosphate-bearing melts was studied by volt-ammetry. Deposition of tungsten and tungsten-molybdenum coatings produced from halide-oxide and oxide melts and the effect of electrolysis parameters on the properties of precipitates was investigated.
Process Control and Automation
Dzhusupov A.A. A system of simulation modeling of ecologically dangerous productions
A system of simulation modeling of one class of technological production has been developed. It can be used for estimation of risks when scheduling the business plan for the purpose of ensuring the terms of negotiated contracts.
Salikhov Z.G., Spesivtsev A.V., Lazarev V.I., Mishchenko N.I., Navilnikov E.V., Kimyaev I.T. A procedure for designing the fuzzy control model of Vanyukov process for nonoxidation melting of sul-fide concentrates
A procedure for designing the control model inside a fuzzy medium has been developed on the basis of technologists' knowledge about modeled process using linguistic variables. An adequate model of processor control as a polynomial was elaborated. Recorded in the form of the polynomial model, the expert-technologist's experience can be replicated for controlling the analogous units or as a knowl-edge base in the simulator for training of operators.
Salikhov Z.G., Khodov N.V., Danilin E.N. Determination of dynamic parameters of low-temperature lead-concentrate alkaline melting
The dynamic characteristics of a new prospecting low-temperature lead-concentrate alkaline melting process are found to use them in the algorithms of the automated control system for this process. Based on analysis of the experimental data, a weight function characterizing the regulation channel in the charge of "quantity of charged material xin(t) ѕ temperature in reaction zone y(t)" was derived.
