Mineral Processing
Abdurakhmanov S.A., Askarov M.A., Nasriddinov I.B. Flotation of heavy nonferrous metal ores using corrosion inhibitors
The results of studies to apply a metal corrosion inhibitor, propargyl phenolic ether, as an activator of flotation of copper-molybdenum and lead-zinc ores are given. The agent is shown to improve the extraction and content of precious components into the concentrate. With the consumption of 20-30 g/t, propargyl phenolic ether improves the extraction of lead by 0,5 %, zinc by 1,5 %, copper by 2,5-3,0 % and molybdenum by 3-5 %. So, the inhibitor can be used in flotation of heavy non-ferrous metal ores in return of floatation agents of bobbin oil type.
Delitsyn L.M., Vlasov A.S. Prospects in application of agents containing orthosilicic acid to decrease the losses of non-ferrous metals along with diluted pulps and sewage
Time stable (2-3 months) to sol–gel-transition, the solutions containing 1-5 % of orthosilicic acid can be produced by interaction of nepheline group minerals to dilute acid solutions. Such solutions can be used as coagulants to decrease the losses of non-ferrous metals (Cu, Ni, Co, As, Cd, Mn, Zn, Cr, and others) along with diluted pulps and sewage from mining and smelting production. Tests of these reagent solutions at copper-nickel industrial complex, steel-rolling works, different returns of galvanic production, and others have shown their sufficiently high effectiveness.
Skrylev L.D., Streltsova E.A., Goncharenko L.K. Adsorption of potassium alkyl carboxylates with cadmium hydroxide
Isotherms of potassium decyl-, dodecyl-, and tetradecyl carboxylate adsorption by newly-precipitated cadmium hydroxide have been plotted. The main thermodynamic characteristics (adsorption equilibrium constant, free energy change, enthalpy, and entropy) of adsorption are calculated. An assumption on its mechanism is made. A possibility is shown to use potassium alkyl carboxylates as effective flotation collectors of fine-dispersed cadmium hydroxide.
Zubarev M.P., Zubareva G.I., Toropov L.I., Kostin L.P. The process to purify chromium-bearing sewage from galvanic production from heavy metal ions
The process to purify chromium-bearing sewage from galvanic production OAO “Telta” (Perm) from heavy metal ions Fe(III), Cu(II), Zn(II), Cr(III) using the pressure flotation with DAG collector (symmetric 1,2-diacylhydrazines of RCONHNHCOR general formula where R = C2H5 - C5H11) and a foaming agent (sulfonol) was developed. The pressure flotation is determined to permit decreasing the DAG consumption 2-3 times as compared with the ionic flotation. Optimal conditions of the extraction of heavy metal ion from galvanic drainage using the pressure flotation are pH = 7,5-8.5; duration of flotation 3-5 min; [DAG]:[Me] = 1:(4-6); and sulfonol additive up to 5 mg/l. The purification of sewage from galvanic production according to the process developed is shown to happen down to the level of the discharging standards.
Extractive Metallurgy of Heavy Nonferrous Metals
Kazhikenov A.N., Yakovlev V.V., Komarov S.V. A thermodynamic analysis of the Pidgeon-process for MgO-CaO-Si system in vacuum
The paper represents the thermodynamic analysis of the Pidgeon-process. A possibility of participating Ca-Si liquid alloys being formed during the reduction of magnesium has been considered. Partial dissolution of MgO in 2CaO· SiO2 reaction product is the cause of incomplete reduction of magnesium according the reaction 2MgO(s) + 2CaO(s) + Si(s) = 2Mg(g) + 2CaO· SiO2(s).
Golovnykh N.V., Istomin S.P., Katkov O.M., Bychinsky V.A. Study of physical and chemical conditions to reduce silicon out of hydrogen tetrafluoride
Based on computer simulation of physical and chemical processes in the thermodynamic system Si-F-H-O, the mechanism of reduction of silicon out of hydrogen tetrafluoride has been studied. Having the lowest chemical potential in the multisystem, oxygen is found to bind the reduction products into stable oxides at molar ratio of O:SiF4 > 0,6 and prohibit from formation of elementary silicon out of low-coordinating fluorides under the real process.
Extractive metallurgy of less-common metals
Ukhov S.A., Bukin V.I., Smirnova A.G., Khatin G.D. Extraction of indium with nitrogen-bearing resol paratret butyl phenol formaldehyde oligomer and its mixture with octane acid
The extraction of indium with nitrogen-bearing resol paratret butyl phenol formaldehyde oligomer out of sulfuric and hydrochloric solutions has been studied. The stoichiometry of the extraction process was found. The results of the studies using the procedure of interface distribution were confirmed by infrared spectroscopy. A possibility of concentrating indium and its purification from a series of attendant elements using oligomers and its mixture with octane acid was shown.
Radushev A.V., Gusev V.Yu., Bogomazova G.S., Kichi-gin V.I. Extraction of copper using hydrazides of naphthenic acids out of iron-bearing solutions
The extraction of copper by mixtures of naphthenic acids and kerosene out of the solutions of low copper content (~1 g/l) in presence of a large amount of iron (III) has been studied. The extraction conditions of copper in acid solutions (pH = 0,7-2,0) were chosen under which iron was not practically extracted. Re-extraction of copper is performed by spent electrolyte during three stages. A principle possibility of electroplating copper out of re-extracts with actual factors of electrolytic process is shown.
Casting Production
Batyshev A.I., Batyshev K.A., Grigerova T.M., Stanchek L. On solidification of melt from the side of pressing die in the process of die casting under mechanical pressure
A process of skin buildup from the side of pressing die in the process of die casting has been studied. Data on the nature of solidification, structure, and mechanical properties of a number of aluminum alloys are given.
Metal Forming
Mochalov N.A., Orlinsky P.E. Change in mechanical proprties and size of recrystallized grains during annealing of LK 75-0,5 silicon brass
Dependencies of ultimate resistance, elongation, and size of recrystallized grains on temperature and time of annealing of LK 75-0,5 silicon brass strip have been studied. The effect of copper, silicon, iron, and lead content on mechanical properties and structure of the alloy in the process of annealing was determined. LK75-0,5 brass is shown to have mechanical properties to meet the requirements of GOST 2208-91 to L68 brass, i.e., it can be used as the substitute.
Samusev S.V., Shcherba V.N., Ovechkin V.V., Spichak M.G., Markov A.M., Senchikhin M.S. Kinematic conditions of bending process of rings in beading machine
The features of shaping tubes and sections on beading machines on the basis of contacting interaction of a blank parts, shaped tool, and kinematic parameters of the drive stand have been studied. A dependence of changing the dimension of contacting areas on the tool parameters, blank part shape, shaping route, and two versions of rolling diameters of driven rollers is examined. The causes to form main defects in shapes were found and the mechanism to explain their appearance was proposed.
Loginov Yu.N., Burkin S.P., Sapunzhi V.V. Study of hardening and softening processes of magnesium taking the anisotropy of properties into account
Mechanical properties of MG90 magnesium in cast and hot-deformed states within the range of T = 250-350 ° C and under static loading have been studied. The relationship among the characteristics of deformed and stressed states taking anisotropy of mechanical parameters into account was found. Softening (relaxation) curves for the studied material in pauses between the applications of loads were obtained to analyze the multirun hot deformation.
Physical Metallurgy and Heat Treatment
Belov N.A., Zolotarevsky B.S., Politiko A.S. Optimization of the structure and composition of heat-resistant alloys on the basis of Al-Cu-Mn-Zr-Cr system
The effect of composition and manufacturing technique on structure, low-temperature mechanical properties and high-temperature strength of the Al-Cu-Mn-Zr-Cr system as ingots and hot-rolled sheets has been studied. It was established that in billets of 20´ 40´ 180 mm in size (Vc = 5 K/s) the solubility of zirconium and chromium in aluminum-copper solid solution can achieve 0,8 % (mass) under the certain conditions. As promising composition, Al-2,5 % Cu-1 % Mn-0,4 % Zr-0,4 % Cr alloy is proposed which in form of hot-rolled sheets exceeds D20 type alloy in low-temperature mechanical properties and high-temperature strength index at 400 ° C.
Afanasiev V.K., Prudnikov A.N. Development of piston hypereutectic silumin and the process of manufacture of pistons using metal forming
Microstructure, mechanical properties, and thermal coefficient of linear expansion of tentative wrought hypereutectic silumin for engine pistons have been studied. A possibility of manufacturing piston blanks in pilot conditions is shown and processing parameters of preliminary deformation and hotdie forging are given. The properties of forged blanks after heat treatment at normal and increased temperatures are found. It is established that the mechanical properties exceed these of analogous industrial piston alloys of Al-Si system.
Barsukov A.D., Trots V.S. On calculation of crystalline lattice periods of multi-component solid solutions
The periods of lattice of multi-component solid solutions have been calculated using the concept of bonding electron number. The values of atomic volumes were used in the calculation. A good conformity between experimental and calculated values of lattice periods was obtained. The deviation is not exceeded 0,1 %.
Heat Engineering and Environment Protection in Metallurgy
Voronin P.A., Mamontov D.V. Modeling of some electromagnetic processes of ore-heating furnace in electrolyzer
Using scaling factors, a set of similarity parameters has been obtained which is necessary to simulate some electromagnetic processes in ore-heating furnaces.
Davidson A.M., Shlykova S.V. Effect of methods of combusting gas fuel on performance of tube-type rotary furnaces
Methods to heat tube-type rotary furnaces using gas fuel are analyzed. Ways to improve fuel combustion are considered.
Process Control and Automation
Salikhov Z.G., Rutkovsky A.L., Leontiev A.V. A procedure of rational organization of subsystems for centralized control
The article examines the basic problems connected with the organization and building of the centralized control systems. Introduction of the effectiveness as a general characteristic of functioning makes it possible to formulate a number of the criteria predetermining the algorithm to control the system effectiveness. Structural diagrams and models of the system for data collection and processing are given and examined to realize the tasks of system effectiveness control.
Skorobogatov A.O. Non-multiple geometrical modeling of the processes for large-scale production of art forging ware
The conditional geometrical systems of modeling are usually transmitted to homogeneous objects of the selected size, which determines the approach of modeling by way of skeleton, surface or volume. Though the assembly models of art forging contain the most finished information concerning geometry, they just determine an implicit representation of lower gradations of dimension such as surfaces and bends. In addition, operating the geometrical properties of the objects is carried out with the mathematical vehicle and centering around the geometrical skeleton of a future art forging model is the basis of manipulation. The article describes an approach of non-multiple geometrical modeling for art forging ware, in which the mathematical basis and actions are determined for heterogeneous objects entering the space model as an outline representation, which is endowed with capacity of introducing a plenty of configurations consisting of graphic primitives into the project.
Higher metallurgical education
Kulifeev V.K. An experience of specialist training in Moscow State Institute of Steel and Alloys at the chair of rare metals and powder metallurgy for specialty of 1102 “Metallurgy of nonferrous metals”
