SB-PB-AG ALLOY PROCESSING BY VACUUM DISTILLATION
https://doi.org/10.17073/0021-3438-2018-6-20-30
Abstract
The paper relevance is determined by the need to create an environmentally safe, high-performance and cost-efficient integrated vacuum distillation technology for the processing of lead-containing middling products and wastes, in particular, a Sb-Pb-Ag (SPA) alloy resulting from the recovery of silicate slag from copper anode slime melting to obtain sellable mono-element concentrates of antimony, lead and silver. Laboratory studies were carried out on SPA alloy processing with the calculations of «T—x» temperature-composition VLE (vapor liquid equilibrium) diagrams to analyze the behavior of Sb-Pb and Pb-Ag binary alloys during processing, select preliminary system temperature and pressure, and assess component separation efficiency in the following conditions: T = = 900+2100 K, P = 1+133 Pa, т = 8+16 hours. The aim of the study was to investigate the effect of temperature and pressure in the system, the duration of sublimation on the completeness of extraction and the degree of antimony, lead and silver separation from the SPA composition. Activity coefficients of binary alloy components when constructing VLE diagrams were calculated using the MI- VM (molecular interaction volume model). The information is obtained regarding the effect of temperature and vacuum level on the
degree of sublimation and separation of metals from Sb—Pb and Pb—Ag compositions of different contents. Saturated vapor pressures were calculated for Sb (p* = 273.664+ 67436.9 Pa), Pb (0.149+485.9), Ag (5.05440-5-6.558) at T = 1073+1773 K. It was demonstrated that the high values of the pSb /PPb = 1832.98+138.79, ррь /pAg = 2948.16+74.09 ratio and lgPsb = 2.099+3.33 and lgPpb = 1.813+ +3.944 separation factor create theoretical prerequisites for a selective isolation of these metals by vacuum distillation, when antimony and lead are successively enriched in the gas phase (Ps^ > 1, Ppb > 1), and silver — in the liquid phase. The molar fraction of hard-to-sublimate lead/silver in the gaseous phase урЬ /уAg = (1.55+982)T0-3/(36+772)T0-3 is increased with rising temperature 894+1601/1399+2099 K, pressure 1.33+133 Pa and metal content in the alloy xPb /xAg = 0.9+0.9999/0.9+0.99. The MIVM model was used to calculate the activity factors of antimony Ysb = 0.832+0.999, lead ypb = 0.474+1.0, YAg = 0.331+0.999 for Sb/Pb and Pb/Ag alloys with the following composition 0.1+0.9/0.9+0.1 in the investigated temperature range. The found dependences of the amount and composition of polymetallic alloy sublimation products on the process parameters are important for practical application due to the development of a principal technology for SPA processing by vacuum distillation.
degree of sublimation and separation of metals from Sb—Pb and Pb—Ag compositions of different contents. Saturated vapor pressures were calculated for Sb (p* = 273.664+ 67436.9 Pa), Pb (0.149+485.9), Ag (5.05440-5-6.558) at T = 1073+1773 K. It was demonstrated that the high values of the pSb /PPb = 1832.98+138.79, ррь /pAg = 2948.16+74.09 ratio and lgPsb = 2.099+3.33 and lgPpb = 1.813+ +3.944 separation factor create theoretical prerequisites for a selective isolation of these metals by vacuum distillation, when antimony and lead are successively enriched in the gas phase (Ps^ > 1, Ppb > 1), and silver — in the liquid phase. The molar fraction of hard-to-sublimate lead/silver in the gaseous phase урЬ /уAg = (1.55+982)T0-3/(36+772)T0-3 is increased with rising temperature 894+1601/1399+2099 K, pressure 1.33+133 Pa and metal content in the alloy xPb /xAg = 0.9+0.9999/0.9+0.99. The MIVM model was used to calculate the activity factors of antimony Ysb = 0.832+0.999, lead ypb = 0.474+1.0, YAg = 0.331+0.999 for Sb/Pb and Pb/Ag alloys with the following composition 0.1+0.9/0.9+0.1 in the investigated temperature range. The found dependences of the amount and composition of polymetallic alloy sublimation products on the process parameters are important for practical application due to the development of a principal technology for SPA processing by vacuum distillation.
About the Authors
A. A. Korolev
JSC «Uralelectromed».
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
Main engineer.
624091, Russia, Sverdlovsk reg., Verkhnyaya Pyshma, Uspenskij av., 1.
G. I. Maltsev
JSC «Uralelectromed».
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
Dr. Sci. (Eng.), Senior scientific officer, Chief specialist, Research Center.
624091, Russia, Sverdlovsk reg., Verkhnyaya Pyshma, Uspenskij av., 1.
K. L. Timofeev
JSC «Uralelectromed».
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
Cand. Sci. (Eng.), Chief, Research Center.
624091, Russia, Sverdlovsk reg., Verkhnyaya Pyshma, Uspenskij av., 1.
V. G. Lobanov
JSC «Uralelectromed».
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
Cand. Sci. (Eng.), Leading specialist, Research Center .
624091, Russia, Sverdlovsk reg., Verkhnyaya Pyshma, Uspenskij av., 1.
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Review
For citations:
Korolev A.A., Maltsev G.I., Timofeev K.L., Lobanov V.G. SB-PB-AG ALLOY PROCESSING BY VACUUM DISTILLATION. Izvestiya. Non-Ferrous Metallurgy. 2018;(6):20-30. (In Russ.) https://doi.org/10.17073/0021-3438-2018-6-20-30
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