Структура и свойства тугоплавкого композиционно-сложного сплава Ti–Nb–Zr, полученного в процессе прямого лазерного выращивания

Исследование посвящено изучению микроструктуры и механических свойств тугоплавкого композиционно-сложного сплава Ti₂NbZr, впервые полученного методом прямого лазерного выращивания (ПЛВ) из порошка заданного химического состава. Определены оптимальные параметры процесса ПЛВ, в частности мощность лазера (1600 Вт), обеспечившая минимальную пористость (0,031 %). Анализ выявил формирование однофазной ОЦК-структуры, гетерогенной по строению: крупные столбчатые зерна чередуются с прослойками мелких равноосных. Средний размер зерна уменьшался с увеличением высоты образца. Результаты механических испытаний свидетельствуют о сочетании высоких прочности и пластичности сплава: предел текучести ~810 МПа, временное сопротивление ~815 МПа, относительное удлинение после разрыва – 16 %. Теоретическая оценка вклада механизмов упрочнения показала хорошее согласие с экспериментом. Установлено, что основной вклад в прочность материала вносит твердорастворное упрочнение. Результаты исследования подтверждают перспективность использования ПЛВ для изготовления высококачественных изделий из сплава Ti₂NbZr с механическими свойствами, превышающими аналоги, полученные традиционными и аддитивными технологиями.

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