For citations:
Krupnov L.V., Pakhomov R.A., Kaverzin A.V., Kosov Ya.I., Malakhov P.V. Characterization of an atypical intermediate layer formed in Vanyukov furnaces during smelting of charges with a high content of technogenic materials. Izvestiya. Non-Ferrous Metallurgy. 2025;(2):5-18. https://doi.org/10.17073/0021-3438-2025-2-5-18