Synthesis and study of the properties of zirconium dioxide powders with different yttrium content

As part of the study, the influence of yttrium content on the properties of particles during controlled precipitation and after thermal treatment was investigated. Precipitation was carried out at a constant pH of 5 from nitric acid solutions, where the concentration of zirconium was 1 mole/dm³ and the yttrium content ranged from 0 to 30 % based on their oxides. The drying and calcination temperatures of the precipitates were 40 °C and 1000 °C, respectively. It was shown that with a yttrium content of up to 15 %, there was a consistent increase in the average diameter of zirconium hydroxide particles during deposition. When the yttrium concentration was increased to 30 %, the average particle size increased during the first 10 minutes of deposition, followed by a gradual decrease. The largest particle diameter was observed in the specimen with 7 % yttrium. In all cases, the formation of spherical aggregates was observed. With an increasing yttrium content, the boundaries between particles became smoother, and the degree of co-deposition of yttrium during synthesis decreased from 80 % to 60 %. Depending on the yttrium concentration, different modifications of stabilized zirconium dioxide powders were obtained: tetragonal ZrO₂ for 2–7 % yttrium, and cubic ZrO₂ for 15–30 % yttrium. Therefore, the results obtained during the study can be useful for the development of technology for the production of powdered materials for various applications.

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