Comparative analysis of the effect of Ni, Mn, Fe and Si additives on the microstructure and phase composition of hypereutectic aluminum-calcium alloys
https://doi.org/10.17073/0021-3438-2021-6-40-51
Abstract
A comparative analysis of the phase composition and morphology of primary crystals in hypereutectic alloys of the Al–Ca–Ni–X system (where X is Fe, Si, Mn) was carried out by calculation and experimental methods, including the construction of liquidus surfaces. Additional alloying of the base Al–6%Ca–3%Ni alloy with iron and silicon leads to the formation of coarse elongated primary crystals up to 100 μm in length. It was found that the addition of manganese, on the contrary, leads to the formation of relatively small (average size about 20 μm) compact primary crystals of two four-component phases. Presumably, they are phases based on ternary compounds Al9CaNi and Al10CaMn2. The composition of eutectics in quaternary alloys has been determined. All aluminum-calcium eutectics are characterized by a higher proportion of the second phases, a thinner structure compared to the aluminum-silicon eutectic in AK18 silumin, and are also capable of spheroidization upon heating, starting from 500 °C. The combination of compact and spherical particle morphology after annealing in the 63-2Mn alloy appears to be favorable for deformation. Comparison of the manufacturability of the experimental alloy Al–8%Ca–1%Ni–2%Mn and the grade silumin AK18 showed the advantage of the former. In terms of the totality of its characteristics, the experimental alloy can be considered as the basis for the development of hypereutectic alloys of a new generation as an alternative to piston silumins of the AK18 type. The experimental alloy, the microstructure of which is characterized by a compact morphology and small size of primary crystals and a fine structure of the eutectic, in contrast to hypereutectic silumins, does not require special modification.
Keywords
hypereutectic aluminum alloys,
aluminum-calcium alloys,
phase composition,
microstructure,
eutectic,
spheroidization
Supporting agencies: The research was funded by the Russian Science Foundation grant 20-19-00746
About the Authors
N. A. Belov
National University of Science and Technology «MISIS»
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
Dr. Sci. (Eng.), Prof., Department of metal forming, National University of Science and Technology
119991, Moscow, Leninskii pr., 4
E. A. Naumova
National University of Science and Technology «MISIS»
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
Cand. Sci. (Eng.), Docent, Department of metal forming
119991, Moscow, Leninskii pr., 4
V. V. Doroshenko
National University of Science and Technology «MISIS»
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
Cand. Sci. (Eng.), Engineer of Department of metal forming, Junior research scientist of Laboratory of catalysis and processing of hydrocarbons
119991, Moscow, Leninskii pr., 4
M. A. Barykin
National University of Science and Technology «MISIS»
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
Engineer, Department of metal forming
119991, Moscow, Leninskii pr., 4
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Review
For citations:
Belov N.A., Naumova E.A., Doroshenko V.V., Barykin M.A. Comparative analysis of the effect of Ni, Mn, Fe and Si additives on the microstructure and phase composition of hypereutectic aluminum-calcium alloys. Izvestiya. Non-Ferrous Metallurgy. 2021;27(6):40-51. (In Russ.) https://doi.org/10.17073/0021-3438-2021-6-40-51
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