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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">cvmet</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Известия вузов. Цветная металлургия</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Izvestiya. Non-Ferrous Metallurgy</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">0021-3438</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2412-8783</issn><publisher><publisher-name>НИТУ МИСИС</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17073/0021-3438-2017-5-69-74</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">cvmet-611</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Металловедение и термическая обработка</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Physical Metallurgy and Heat Treatment</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>ОСОБЕННОСТИ СТРУКТУРЫ ЛИГАТУРНЫХ СПЛАВОВ Al–Hf–Sc</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>STRUCTURE PECULIARITIES OF AL–HF–SC MASTER ALLOYS</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Попова</surname><given-names>Э. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Popova</surname><given-names>E. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>канд. техн. наук, ст. науч. сотр. лаборатории физической химии металлургических расплавов ИМЕТ УрО РАН.</p><p>(620016, г. Екатеринбург, ул. Амундсена, 101). </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p> Cand. Sci. (Tech.), senior researcher, Laboratory of the physical chemistry of metallic melts, Institute of Metallurgy (IMET), Urals Branch (UB) of RAS.</p><p>(620016, Russia, Ekaterinburg, Amundsen str., 101). </p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">po.elvira@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Котенков</surname><given-names>П. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kotenkov</surname><given-names>P. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>канд. хим. наук, науч. сотр. лаборатории физической химии металлургических расплавов ИМЕТ УрО РАН.</p><p>Екатеринбург.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p> Cand. Sci. (Chem.), researcher, Laboratory of the physical chemistry of metallic melts, IMET UB RAS. </p><p>Ekaterinburg.</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">p.kotenkoff@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Шубин</surname><given-names>А. Б.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Shubin</surname><given-names>A. B.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>докт. хим. наук, зав. лабораторией физической химии металлургических расплавов ИМЕТ УрО РАН. </p><p>Екатеринбург.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p> Dr. Sci. (Chem.), head of Laboratory of the physical chemistry of metallic melts, IMET UB RAS. </p><p>Ekaterinburg.</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">fortran@list.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Пастухов</surname><given-names>Э. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Pastukhov</surname><given-names>E. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>чл.-кор. РАН, докт. хим. наук, гл. науч. сотр. лаборатории физической химии металлургических расплавов ИМЕТ УрО РАН. </p><p>Екатеринбург.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p> Corresponding Member of RAS, Dr. Sci. (Chem.), chief researcher, Laboratory of the physical chemistry of metallic melts, IMET UB RAS. </p><p>Ekaterinburg.</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">eduard.pastuhov.34@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Институт металлургии (ИМЕТ) УрО РАН.</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Institute of Metallurgy (IMET), Urals Branch (UB) of RAS.</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2017</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>05</day><month>11</month><year>2017</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>5</issue><fpage>69</fpage><lpage>74</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Попова Э.А., Котенков П.В., Шубин А.Б., Пастухов Э.А., 2017</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2017</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Попова Э.А., Котенков П.В., Шубин А.Б., Пастухов Э.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Popova E.A., Kotenkov P.V., Shubin A.B., Pastukhov E.A.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://cvmet.misis.ru/jour/article/view/611">https://cvmet.misis.ru/jour/article/view/611</self-uri><abstract><p>С использованием методов оптической и электронной сканирующей микроскопии, рентгеноспектрального микроанализа изучены особенности микроструктуры новых лигатурных сплавов системы Al–Hf–Sc с метастабильными алюминидами, имеющими кубическую решетку, идентичную решетке матрицы алюминиевых сплавов. Выплавку бинарных и тройных сплавов проводили в печи угольного сопротивления в графитовых тиглях в атмосфере аргона. Сплавы Al–0,96ат.%Hf (5,98 мас.% Hf) и Al–0,59ат.%Hf (3,77 мас.% Hf) готовили при перегреве над температурой ликвидуса около 200 и 400 град соответственно. Расплавы заливали в бронзовую изложницу, скорость кристаллизации в которой составляла ~103 град/с. Только в сплаве, перегретом над температурой ликвидуса на 400 град, наряду со стабильными алюминидами с тетрагональной решеткой образовались метастабильные алюминиды Al3Hf с кубической решеткой. Перегрев тройных расплавов, в которых сформировались метастабильные алюминиды Aln(Hf1–xScx), составил 240, 270 и 370 град. В зависимости от соотношения Hf и Sc в сплаве доля гафния в алюминидах Aln(Hf1–xScx) изменяется от 0,46 до 0,71. Лигатурные сплавы (ат.%) Al–0,26Hf–0,29Sc и Al–0,11Hf–0,25Sc (мас.%: Al–1,70Hf–0,47Sc и Al–0,75Hf–0,42Sc) характеризуются тонкой структурой зерна и метастабильными алюминидами состава Aln(Hf0,58Sc0,42) и Aln(Hf0,46Sc0,54) соответственно. Размеры алюминидов не превышают 12 и 7 мкм. Несоответствие их решеток с решеткой матрицы алюминиевых сплавов меньше, чем таковое для Al3Sc. Это позволяет предположить проявление опытными лигатурами Al–Hf–Sc высокого модифицирующего эффекта при их дальнейшем использовании. Кроме того, замещение гафнием дорогостоящего скандия в лигатурных сплавах может значительно сократить расход последнего.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The microstructure peculiarities of the new Al–Hf–Sc master alloys were studied using the methods of optical and scanning electronic (SEM) microscopy in combination with EDX analysis. The alloys studied included the meta-stable intermetallic compounds (aluminides) having cubic lattices identical to those in the matrix of aluminum alloys. Binary and ternary alloys were melted in graphite crucibles at a carbon-resistance furnace under an argon atmosphere. Al–0,96at.%Hf (5,98 wt.% Hf) and Al–0,59at.%Hf (3,77 wt.% Hf) alloys were prepared by superheating above the melting point up to about 200 and 400 degrees respectively. Melts were poured into a bronze casting form where crystallization rate was ~103 degrees/sec. Besides stable aluminides with tetragonal lattices, Al3Hf metastable aluminides with cubic lattices were formed only in the melt superheated by 400 degrees above the melting point. The degree of superheat for ternary alloys where Aln(Hf1–xScx) meta-stable aluminides were formed was 240, 270 and 370 degrees. The hafnium fraction in the Aln(Hf1–xScx) aluminides changed from 0,46 to 0,71 depending on the Hf : Sc ratio in the alloy. The master alloys produced (at.%): Al–0,26Hf–0,29Sc and Al–0,11Hf–0,25Sc (wt.%: Al–1,70Hf–0,47Sc and Al–0,75Hf–0,42Sc) demonstrate fine grain structures with meta-stable aluminides of Aln(Hf0,58Sc0,42) and Aln(Hf0,46Sc0,54) compositions respectively. Aluminide sizes are less than 12 and 7 μm. Their crystal lattice mismatch with the aluminum alloy matrix lattice is less than for Al3Sc. This fact allows us to expect high modifying effects of the experimental Al–Hf–Sc master alloys in their further application. In addition, replacement of expensive scandium with hafnium in the master alloys can reduce scandium consumption considerably.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>сплавы системы Al–Hf–Sc</kwd><kwd>метастабильные алюминиды</kwd><kwd>кубическая решетка</kwd><kwd>пересыщенные твердые растворы</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>Al–Hf–Sc system alloys</kwd><kwd>meta-stable aluminides</kwd><kwd>cubic lattice</kwd><kwd>supersaturated solid solutions</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Hyde K.B., Norman A.F., Prangnell P.B. The effect of Ti on grain refinement in Al—Sc alloys. Mater. Sci. Forum. 2002. Vols. 396—402. P. 39—44.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Hyde K.B., Norman A.F., Prangnell P.B. The effect of Ti on grain refinement in Al—Sc alloys. Mater. Sci. Forum. 2002. Vols. 396—402. 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