cvmetИзвестия вузов. Цветная металлургияIzvestiya. Non-Ferrous Metallurgy0021-34382412-8783НИТУ МИСИС10.17073/0021-3438.2026.511C.1790cvmet-1790Research ArticleЛитейное производствоFoundryВлияние оксида иттрия на микроструктуру и свойства сплава ВЖ159, полученного селективным лазерным плавлениемEffect of yttrium oxide on the microstructure and properties of the VZh159 alloy produced by selective laser meltinghttps://orcid.org/0009-0005-2966-9685ЗолотаревА. М.ZolotarevA. M.

Антон Михайлович Золотарёв – инженер Научно-образовательного центра «Конструкционные и функциональные материалы»

Россия, 195251, г. Санкт-Петербург, ул. Политехническая, 29

Anton M. Zolotarev – Engineer, Scientific and Educational Center for Structural and Functional Materials

29 B Politechnicheskaya Str., St. Petersburg 195251, Russia

antonio190502@ya.ruhttps://orcid.org/0009-0002-7060-3539НефёдоваВ. А.NefyodovaV. A.

Виктория Александровна Нефёдова – инженер Научно-образовательного центра «Конструкционные и функциональные материалы»

Россия, 195251, г. Санкт-Петербург, ул. Политехническая, 29

Victoria A. Nefyodova – Engineer, Scientific and Educational Center for Structural and Functional Materials

29 B Politechnicheskaya Str., St. Petersburg 195251, Russia

nefedova_va@spbstu.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-5380-3072ПолозовИ. А.PolozovI. A.

Игорь Анатольевич Полозов – к.т.н., вед. науч.сотрудник Научно-образовательного центра «Конструкционные и функциональные материалы»

Россия, 195251, г. Санкт-Петербург, ул. Политехническая, 29

Igor A. Polozov – Cand. Sci. (Eng.), Leading Researcher, Scientific and Educational Center for Structural and Functional Materials

29 B Politechnicheskaya Str., St. Petersburg 195251, Russia

polozov_ia@spbstu.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-5974-6654ПоповичА. А.PopovichA. A.

Анатолий Анатольевич Попович – д.т.н., проф., директор Института машиностроения, материалов и транс­порта, профессор Научно-образовательного центра «Конструкционные и функциональные материалы»

Россия, 195251, г. Санкт-Петербург, ул. Политехническая, 29

Anatoly A. Popovich – Dr. Sci. (Eng.), Professor, Director of the Institute of Machinery, Materials and Transport; Professor, Scientific and Educational Center for Structural and Functional Materials

29 B Politechnicheskaya Str., St. Petersburg 195251, Russia

a.popovich@spbstu.ruСанкт-Петербургский политехнический университет Петра ВеликогоРоссияPeter the Great St. Petersburg Polytechnic UniversityRussian Federation2026041020263233750Copyright © Золотарев А.М., Нефёдова В.А., Полозов И.А., Попович А.А., 20262026Золотарев А.М., Нефёдова В.А., Полозов И.А., Попович А.А.Zolotarev A.M., Nefyodova V.A., Polozov I.A., Popovich A.A.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://cvmet.misis.ru/jour/article/view/1790

В работе исследовано влияние добавки 1 мас. % нанопорошка оксида иттрия (Y2O3 ) на плотность, микроструктуру и механические свойства жаропрочного никелевого сплава ВЖ159, полученного методом селективного лазерного плавления (СЛП). Образцы были изготовлены на установке 3DLam MINI с иттербиевым волоконным лазером мощностью до 300 Вт при 10 режимах с объемной плотностью энергии EV = 74÷169 Дж/мм3. Их плотность определялась путем гидростатического взвешивания, микроструктура исследована методом растровой электронной микроскопии (РЭМ), микро­твердость по Виккерсу и механические свойства при растяжении определялись при комнатной температуре в состоя­нии после печати и после термической обработки (закалка + старение). Показано, что добавка Y2O3 сужает «окно» оптимальных параметров процесса: максимальная относительная плотность 99,5 % достигается при EV ≥ 127 Дж/мм3 (против 99,8 % при 83 Дж/мм3 для чистого сплава). В состоянии после печати добавка Y2O3 практически не влияет на предел прочности (Δσв < 1 %), однако снижает относительное удлинение с 35,9 до 30,6 %. После термической обработки композиция ВЖ159 + 1 % Y2O3 демонстрирует одновременное повышение предела текучести на 10 % (865 против 787 МПа), предела прочности на 4 % (1170 против 1122 МПа) и относительного удлинения на 57 % (15,5 против 9,9 %). Рассмотрены механизмы влияния Y2O3 на формирование структуры и свойств: измельчение дендритов за счет гетерогенной нуклеации, закрепление границ зерен (механизм Зенера) при термической обработке и дисперсное упрочнение.

This study investigated the effect of adding 1 wt. % yttrium oxide (Y2O3 ) nanopowder on the density, microstructure, and mechanical properties of the VZh159 nickel-based superalloy produced by selective laser melting (SLM). Specimens were fabricated using a 3DLam MINI system equipped with an ytterbium fiber laser with a maximum power of 300 W under ten processing conditions spanning a volumetric energy density EV range of 74–169 J/mm3. Density was determined by hydrostatic weighing, microstructure was examined by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and Vickers microhardness and room-temperature tensile properties were measured both in the as-built condition and after heat treatment (solution heat treatment followed by aging). The results showed that the Y2O3 addition narrow the optimal processing window: a maximum relative density of 99.5 % was achieved at EV ≥ 127 J/mm3, compared with 99.8 % at 83 J/mm3 for the unmodified alloy. In the as-built condition, Y2O3 has virtually no effect on ultimate tensile strength (Δσu < 1 %) but reduced elongation from 35.9 to 30.6 %. After heat treatment, the VZh159 + 1 % wt. % Y2O3 composite exhibited 10 % higher yield strength by (865 vs. 787 MPa), 4 % higher ultimate tensile strength by (1170 vs. 1122 MPa), and 57 % higher elongation (15.5 vs. 9.9 %) than the unmodified alloy. The following mechanisms are considered: dendrite refinement through heterogeneous nucleation, grain-boundary pinning during heat treatment via the Zener mechanism, and dispersion strengthening.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.