cvmetИзвестия вузов. Цветная металлургияIzvestiya. Non-Ferrous Metallurgy0021-34382412-8783НИТУ МИСИС10.17073/0021-3438-2026-2-5-14cvmet-1770Research ArticleОбогащение руд цветных металловMineral Processing of Non-Ferrous MetalsСовременные сорбционные процессы для извлечения золота. ОбзорModern sorption processes for gold recovery. A reviewМеретуковМ. А.  MeretukovM. A.

Марат Ахмедович Меретуков – д.т.н., проф., независимый эксперт

Marat A. Meretukov – Dr. Sci. (Eng.), Professor, independent expert

mamer@inbox.ru202608072026322514Copyright © Меретуков М.А., 20262026Меретуков М.А.Meretukov M.A.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://cvmet.misis.ru/jour/article/view/1770

Практика действующих заводов позволила установить, что по сравнению с активными углями ионообменные смолы имеют преимущества при извлечении золота из цианидных растворов и пульп, что обусловливает меньшие капитальные расходы и эксплуатационные затраты. В настоящей работе рассмотрены новые типы смол, селективных по отношению к иону дицианаурата. Это слабоосновные смолы: AuRIX100, содержащая активные группы гуанидина, Леватит MP-64 и IRA-94S (обе с функциональными группами третичного амина), а также сильноосновные: макропористая смола Minix с активными группами трибутиламина и бифункциональные смолы Ionac A-641 и Reillex HPQ, содержащие до 70 % четвертичных аммониевых и пиридиниевых групп и около 30 % третичных аммониевых групп. При использовании угольно-сорбционной технологии показаны преимущества внедрения системы Pumpcell с карусельным расположением сорбционных колонн и наличием стационарных слоев активного угля, ограниченных дренажными сетками: степень насыщения угля золотом в 2 раза больше, чем в случае стандартного CIP-процесса. Более высокие кинетические характеристики сорбции и отсутствие обратного перемешивания пульпы определили снижение капитальных затрат за счет уменьшения количества загружаемого сорбента и размера сорбционных, десорбционных и регенерационных аппаратов. Также рассмотрено использование пульсационных колонн Gekko (Австралия).

Industrial practice has shown that, compared with activated carbon, ion-exchange resins offer advantages in gold recovery from cyanide solutions and pulps, reducing both capital and operating costs. New resin types selective for the dicyanoaurate include the weak-base AuRIX100 resin containing active guanidine groups, the weak-base Lewatit MP–64 and IRA–94S with tertiary amine functional groups, the strong-base macroporous Minix resin with active tributylamine groups, and the bifunctional resins Ionac A–641 and Reillex HPQ, which contain up to 70 % quaternary ammonium and pyridinium groups and approximately 30 % tertiary ammonium groups. An important advance in activated-carbon sorption technology is the introduction of the Pumpcell system, which uses a carousel arrangement of sorption columns and stationary activated-carbon beds confined by drainage screens. The main advantage of this system is that gold loading of activated carbon is twice as high as that achieved in the standard CIP process. Higher sorption kinetics and the absence of pulp backmixing reduce capital costs by decreasing the amount of loaded sorbent and the size of sorption, desorption, and regeneration equipment. Another important equipment-related advance is the use of pulsed Gekko columns.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.