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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">cvmet</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Известия вузов. Цветная металлургия</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Izvestiya. Non-Ferrous Metallurgy</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">0021-3438</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2412-8783</issn><publisher><publisher-name>НИТУ МИСИС</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17073/0021-3438-2025-2-55-65</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">cvmet-1691</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Литейное производство</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Foundry</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Моделирование макроструктуры крупногабаритной отливки из жаропрочного никелевого сплава ВЖЛ14Н-ВИ</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Grain structure simulation in a large-scale casting made of VZhL14N-VI nickel-base superalloy</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8376-0480</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Колтыгин</surname><given-names>А. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Koltygin</surname><given-names>A. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Андрей Вадимович Колтыгин – к.т.н., доцент кафедры литейных технологий и художественной обработки материалов (ЛТиХОМ)</p><p>119049, г. Москва, Ленинский пр-т, 4, стр. 1</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Andrey V. Koltygin – Cand. Sci. (Eng.), Assistant Prof., Department of Foundry Technologies and Material Art Working (FT&amp;MAW)</p><p>1 Bld, 4 Leninskiy Prosp., Moscow 119049</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">misistlp@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5399-0330</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Никитина</surname><given-names>А. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Nikitina</surname><given-names>A. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Анна Андреевна Никитина – учебный мастер 1-й категории кафедры ЛТиХОМ</p><p>119049, г. Москва, Ленинский пр-т, 4, стр. 1</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Anna A. Nikitina – Laboratory Assistant, Department of FT&amp;MAW</p><p>1 Bld, 4 Leninskiy Prosp., Moscow 119049</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">nikitina.misis@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6679-7126</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Белова</surname><given-names>А. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Belova</surname><given-names>A. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Анастасия Андреевна Белова – учебный мастер кафедры ЛТиХОМ</p><p>119049, г. Москва, Ленинский пр-т, 4, стр. 1</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Anastasia A. Belova – Postgraduate Student, Department of FT&amp;MAW</p><p>1 Bld, 4 Leninskiy Prosp., Moscow 119049</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">belova@ic-ltm.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3214-1935</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Баженов</surname><given-names>В. Е.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Bazhenov</surname><given-names>V. E.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Вячеслав Евгеньевич Баженов – к.т.н., доцент кафедры ЛТиХОМ</p><p>119049, г. Москва, Ленинский пр-т, 4, стр. 1</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Viacheslav E. Bazhenov – Cand. Sci. (Eng.), Assistant Prof., Department of FT&amp;MAW</p><p>1 Bld, 4 Leninskiy Prosp., Moscow 119049</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">V.E.Bagenov@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3607-8144</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Белов</surname><given-names>В. Д.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Belov</surname><given-names>V. D.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Владимир Дмитриевич Белов – д.т.н., профессор,  зав. кафедрой ЛТиХОМ</p><p>119049, г. Москва, Ленинский пр-т, 4, стр. 1</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Vladimir D. Belov – Dr. Sci. (Eng.), Prof., Head of the Department of FT&amp;MAW</p><p>1 Bld, 4 Leninskiy Prosp., Moscow 119049</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">vdbelov@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Щедрин</surname><given-names>Е. Ю.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Shchedrin</surname><given-names>E. Yu.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Евгений Юрьевич Щедрин – главный металлург</p><p>443009, г. Самара, Заводское шоссе, 29</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Eugene Yu. Shchedrin – Chief Metallurgist</p><p>29 Zavodskoe Shosse, Samara 443009</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">ogmet@uec-kuznetsov.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Национальный исследовательский технологический университет «МИСИС»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>National University of Science and Technology “MISIS”</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Публичное акционерное общество «ОДК-Кузнецов»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>UEC-Kuznetsov Public Joint Stock Company</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>27</day><month>06</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>31</volume><issue>2</issue><fpage>55</fpage><lpage>65</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Колтыгин А.В., Никитина А.А., Белова А.А., Баженов В.Е., Белов В.Д., Щедрин Е.Ю., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Колтыгин А.В., Никитина А.А., Белова А.А., Баженов В.Е., Белов В.Д., Щедрин Е.Ю.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Koltygin A.V., Nikitina A.A., Belova A.A., Bazhenov V.E., Belov V.D., Shchedrin E.Y.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://cvmet.misis.ru/jour/article/view/1691">https://cvmet.misis.ru/jour/article/view/1691</self-uri><abstract><p>В работе рассмотрена проблема прогнозирования зеренной структуры в крупногабаритных отливках из никелевого жаропрочного сплава ВЖЛ14Н-ВИ, представляющих собой тела вращения с весьма тонкими литыми стенками. Для этого использовалась система компьютерного моделирования литейных процессов ProCast с модулем для расчета зеренной структуры CAFE. Путем компьютерного моделирования определена скорость охлаждения в различных частях отливки, после чего на реальных образцах, полученных в условиях промышленного производства в ПАО «ОДК-Кузнецов» (г. Самара, Россия), определены размеры зерен и построена их зависимость от скорости охлаждения отливки. Установлено влияние на размер зерна не только скорости охлаждения, но и геометрических особенностей отливки, в частности ее термический модуль (приведенная толщина). Показано, что система ProCast может быть эффективно использована для прогнозирования литейных дефектов в крупногабаритных отливках из жаропрочных никелевых сплавов. При этом путем сравнения температурных зависимостей плотности, теплоемкости и теплопроводности сплава ВЖЛ14Н-ВИ, полученных прямыми измерениями и расчетом с использованием термодинамической базы ProCast, выявлено, что расчетные данные достаточно точны для использования их в компьютерном моделировании литейных процессов. Установлено, что модуль CAFE может быть востребован для прогнозирования зеренной структуры в отливке, однако для его корректного применения необходимо установление параметров моделирования, прежде всего величины переохлаждения при затвердевании и количества зародышей зерен в сплаве. Поскольку эти параметры не поддаются прямому измерению, их определение потребует дополнительных исследований.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The study addresses the problem of predicting the grain structure in large-scale castings made of the VZhL14N-VI nickel-base superalloy, which are bodies of revolution with very thin walls. To this end, the ProCast casting simulation software was used, including its CAFE module for grain structure prediction. Cooling rates in various areas of the casting were determined by computer simulation. Grain size measurements were then performed on real samples produced under industrial conditions at PJSC UEC Kuznetsov (Samara, Russia), and the correlation between grain size and cooling rate was established. It was found that grain size is affected not only by the cooling rate, but also by the geometric features of the casting, particularly its thermal modulus (according to Chvorinov’s rule). The results show that ProCast can be effectively used to predict casting defects in large-scale castings made of nickel-base superalloys. A comparison of the temperature-dependent density, specific heat capacity, and thermal conductivity of the VZhL14N-VI alloy – obtained through both direct measurements and ProCast thermodynamic database calculations – showed that the computed data are sufficiently accurate for use in casting process simulations. The CAFE module was found to be applicable for predicting grain structure in castings; however, accurate simulation requires the specification of key parameters, primarily the degree of undercooling during solidification and the number of grain nuclei in the alloy. Since these parameters cannot be measured directly, further research is required to determine them.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>жаропрочные никелевые сплавы</kwd><kwd>ВЖЛ14Н-ВИ</kwd><kwd>литье по выплавляемым моделям</kwd><kwd>размер зерна</kwd><kwd>моделирование литейных процессов</kwd><kwd>ProCast</kwd><kwd>CAFE</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>nickel-base superalloys</kwd><kwd>VZhL14N-VI</kwd><kwd>investment casting</kwd><kwd>grain size</kwd><kwd>casting simulation</kwd><kwd>ProCast</kwd><kwd>CAFE module</kwd><kwd>thermal modulus</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Работа выполнена при финансовой поддержке Министерства науки и высшего образования Российской Федерации в рамках Постановления Правительства № 218 по соглашению о предоставлении субсидии № 075-11-2022-023 от 06.04.2022 г. «Создание технологии изготовления уникальных крупногабаритных отливок из жаропрочных сплавов для газотурбинных двигателей, ориентированной на использование отечественного оборудования и организацию современного ресурсоэффективного, компьютероориентированного литейного производства».</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="en">This study was supported by the Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the Russian Federation under Government Decree No. 218, in accordance with Subsidy Agreement No. 075-11-2022-023 dated April 6, 2022, titled: “Development of a manufacturing technology for unique large-scale castings made of heat-resistant alloys for gas turbine engines, aimed at the use of domestically produced equipment and the establishment of a modern, resource-efficient, computer-aided casting production”.</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Логунов А.В., Шмотин Ю.Н. 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