cvmetИзвестия вузов. Цветная металлургияIzvestiya. Non-Ferrous Metallurgy0021-34382412-8783НИТУ "МИСИС"10.17073/0021-3438-2024-4-43-53cvmet-1646Research ArticleОбработка металлов давлениемPressure Treatment of MetalsВозможности асимметричной прокатки однослойных и слоистых материалов из алюминия и его сплавовCapabilities of asymmetric rolling of single-layer and laminated materials made from aluminum and its alloyshttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-3922-9289БирюковаО. Д.BiryukovaO. D.

Олеся Дмитриевна Бирюкова – к.т.н., ст. науч. сотрудник, лаборатория «Механика градиентных наноматериалов им. А.П. Жиляева»

455000, Челябинская обл., г. Магнитогорск, пр. Ленина, 38

Olesya D. Biryukova – Cand. Sci. (Eng.), Senior Research Scientist, Zhilyaev laboratory of mechanics of gradient nanomaterials

38 Lenin Prosp., Magnitogorsk, Chelyabinsk Region 455000

fimapatisonchik@inbox.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-0977-3566МогильныхА. Е.MogilnykhA. E.

Анна Евгеньевна Могильных – к.т.н., ст. науч. сотрудник, лаборатория «Механика градиентных наноматериалов им. А.П. Жиляева»

455000, Челябинская обл., г. Магнитогорск, пр. Ленина, 38

Anna E. Mogilnykh – Cand. Sci. (Eng.), Senior Research Scientist

38 Lenin Prosp., Magnitogorsk, Chelyabinsk Region 455000

kozhemiakina.a@yandex.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-5443-423XПесинА. М.PesinA. M.

Александр Моисеевич Песин – д.т.н., гл. науч. cотрудник, лаборатория «Механика градиентных наноматериалов им. А.П. Жиляева»

455000, Челябинская обл., г. Магнитогорск, пр. Ленина, 38

Alexander M. Pesin – Dr. Sci. (Eng.), Chief Research Scientist

38 Lenin Prosp., Magnitogorsk, Chelyabinsk Region 455000

pesin@bk.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-0496-0976ПустовойтовД. О.PustovoytovD. O.

Денис Олегович Пустовойтов – к.т.н., вед. науч. сотрудник, лаборатория «Механика градиентных наноматериалов им. А.П. Жиляева»

455000, Челябинская обл., г. Магнитогорск, пр. Ленина, 38

Denis O. Pustovoytov – Cand. Sci. (Eng.), Leading Researcher

38 Lenin Prosp., Magnitogorsk, Chelyabinsk Region 455000

pustovoitov_den@mail.ruПесинИ. А.PesinI. A.

Илья Александрович Песин – к.т.н., ст. науч. сотрудник, лаборатория «Механика градиентных наноматериалов им. А.П. Жиляева»

455000, Челябинская обл., г. Магнитогорск, пр. Ленина, 38

Ilya A. Pesin – Cand. Sci. (Eng.), Senior Research Scientist

38 Lenin Prosp., Magnitogorsk, Chelyabinsk Region 455000

ilya33392@bk.ruБирюковМ. А.BiryukovM. A.

Максим Александрович Бирюков – вед. инженер, ПАО «Магнитогорский металлургический комбинат»

455000, Челябинская обл., г. Магнитогорск, ул. Кирова, 93

Maxim A. Biryukov – Leading Engineer

93 Kirov Str., Magnitogorsk, Chelyabinsk Region 455000

bigmax174@gmail.comМагнитогорский государственный технический университет им. Г.И. НосоваРоссияNosov Magnitogorsk State Technical UniversityRussian FederationПАО «Магнитогорский металлургический комбинат»РоссияPJSC “Magnitogorsk Iron and Steel Works”Russian Federation202420122024044353Copyright © Бирюкова О.Д., Могильных А.Е., Песин А.М., Пустовойтов Д.О., Песин И.А., Бирюков М.А., 20242024Бирюкова О.Д., Могильных А.Е., Песин А.М., Пустовойтов Д.О., Песин И.А., Бирюков М.А.Biryukova O.D., Mogilnykh A.E., Pesin A.M., Pustovoytov D.O., Pesin I.A., Biryukov M.A.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://cvmet.misis.ru/jour/article/view/1646

Асимметричная прокатка алюминиевых сплавов является одним из способов улучшения их механических и эксплуатационных характеристик. Кинематическая асимметрия при прокатке осуществляется при варьировании отношений скоростей рабочих валков (V1 /V2). Считается, что при V1 /V2 > 3 процесс асимметричной прокатки по механизму совмещения больших деформаций сжатия и сдвига приближен к процессам интенсивной пластической деформации. Выявлено, что большее количество исследований основано на данных, полученных при ограниченном диапазоне соотношения скоростей валков V1 /V2 < 2 при асимметричной прокатке. В статье рассмотрены эффекты, полученные при V1 /V2 = 1÷7,7. Реализация данного условия стала возможна благодаря уникальной научной установке – лабораторно-промышленному стану 400 асимметричной прокатки лаборатории «Механика градиентных наноматериалов им. А.П. Жиляева» МГТУ им. Г.И. Носова. Проведены эксперименты по асимметричной тонколистовой прокатке алюминиевых сплавов 2024, 5083 и 6061 и аккумулирующей прокатке с получением листовых слоистых алюминиевых композитов 5083/2024, 5083/1070 и 6061/5083. Выявлены недостатки асимметричной прокатки по сравнению с симметричной: наблюдалось разрушение образцов при единичных относительных обжатиях от 37 % для листовых слоистых алюминиевых композитов (5083/2024) и от 40 % – для тонколистовых алюминиевых сплавов (6061). Описаны нюансы подготовки материала к обработке, в том числе необходимость зачистки и обезжиривания поверхности сплавов перед соединением в композит. Подобраны температурные режимы прокатки, определившие холодную асимметричную тонколистовую прокатку (комнатная температура обработки) и теплую асимметричную аккумулирующую прокатку (температура нагрева заготовок в печи перед прокаткой 320–350 °C). Показаны снижение силы прокатки (минимально в 1,3 раза), возможность варьирования твердости (в том числе увеличения минимально на 30 %) и технологической пластичности при изменении отношений скоростей валков в пределах от 2 до 7,7. Предложены варианты сокращения технологических циклов обработки алюминиевых сплавов без снижения качества готовой продукции путем уменьшения количества прокаток и отжигов в стандартной схеме.

Asymmetric rolling of aluminum alloys is one of the methods for improving their mechanical and performance characteristics. Kinematic asymmetry during rolling is achieved by varying the roll speed ratios (V1 /V2). It is believed that when V1 /V2 > 3, the process of asymmetric rolling, by combining significant compression and shear deformations, approximates the processes of severe plastic deformation. It has been found that the majority of studies are based on data obtained within a limited roll speed ratio range, V1 /V2 < 2, in asymmetric rolling. This article examines the effects observed at V1 /V2 = 1÷7.7. The implementation of this condition became possible thanks to a unique scientific facility – the 400 laboratory-industrial asymmetric rolling mill at the Zhilyaev laboratory “Mechanics of Gradient Nanomaterials” at Nosov Magnitogorsk State Technical University Experiments were conducted on asymmetric thin-sheet rolling of aluminum alloys 2024, 5083, and 6061, as well as accumulative roll bonding to produce laminated sheet aluminum composites 5083/2024, 5083/1070, and 6061/5083. The disadvantages of asymmetric rolling compared to symmetric rolling were identified: sample failure was observed at single relative reductions of 37 % for layered sheet aluminum composites (5083/2024) and 40 % for thin-sheet aluminum alloys (6061). The nuances of material preparation for processing were described, including the necessity of cleaning and degreasing the alloy surfaces before bonding into a composite. The rolling temperature regimes were selected, determining cold asymmetric thin-sheet rolling (room temperature processing) and warm asymmetric accumulative roll bonding (heating of the workpieces in the furnace before rolling at 320–350 °C). A reduction in rolling force (by a minimum of 1.3 times), the ability to vary hardness (including an increase by a minimum of 30 %), and technological plasticity with changes in the roll speed ratios within the range of 2 to 7.7 were demonstrated. Options were proposed for reducing the processing cycles of aluminum alloys without compromising the quality of the finished product by reducing the number of rolling passes and annealing steps in the standard process scheme.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.