cvmetИзвестия вузов. Цветная металлургияIzvestiya. Non-Ferrous Metallurgy0021-34382412-8783НИТУ МИСИС10.17073/0021-3438-2024-1-70-80cvmet-1586Research ArticleМеталловедение и термическая обработкаPhysical Metallurgy and Heat TreatmentОсобенности структуры и механические свойства стали ПР-03Н18К9М5ТЮ, полученной методом селективного лазерного сплавления в сочетании с постобработкойStructure and mechanical properties of PR-03N18K9M5TYu steel grade fabricated by selective laser melting and post-processinghttps://orcid.org/0009-0009-2144-0332КаясоваА. О.KayasovaA. O.

Анастасия Олеговна Каясова – аспирант кафедры «Порошковая металлургия и функциональные покрытия» (ПМиФП)

119049, г. Москва, Ленинский пр-т, 4, стр. 1

Anastasiya O. Kayasova – Postgraduate Student, Department of Powder Metallurgy and Functional Coating (PM&FC)

4 Bld. 1 Leninskiy Prosp., Moscow 119049

NKayasova@gmail.comhttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-6238-4378БасковФ. А.BaskovF. A.

Федор Алексеевич Басков – к.т.н., науч. сотрудник лаборатории «In situ диагностика структурных превращений» Научно-учебного центра (НУЦ) СВС МИСиС–ИСМАН

119049, г. Москва, Ленинский пр-т, 4, стр. 1

Fedor A. Baskov – Cand. Sci. (Eng.), Researcher, Laboratory «In situ diagnostics of structural transformations», Scientific-Educational Centеr

4 Bld. 1 Leninskiy Prosp., Moscow 119049

baskov_fa@mail.ruhttps://orcid.org/0009-0002-1749-0782ЛобоваТ. А.LobovaT. A.

Тамара Александровна Лобова – д.т.н., профессор кафедры ПМиФП

119049, г. Москва, Ленинский пр-т, 4, стр. 1

Tamara A. Lobova – Dr. Sci. (Eng.), Prof. of the Department of PM&FC

4 Bld. 1 Leninskiy Prosp., Moscow 119049

smazka39@mail.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-0623-0013ЛевашовЕ. А.LevashovE. A.

Евгений Александрович Левашов – д.т.н., проф., акад. РАЕН, заведующий кафедрой ПМиФП, директор

119049, г. Москва, Ленинский пр-т, 4, стр. 1

Evgeny A. Levashov – Dr. Sci. (Eng.), Prof., Acad. of the Russian Academy of Natural Science, Head of the Department of PM&FC; Head of the Scientific-Educational Centеr

4 Bld. 1 Leninskiy Prosp., Moscow 119049

levashov@shs.misis.ruНациональный исследовательский технологический университет «МИСИС»РоссияNational University of Science and Technology «MISIS»Russian Federation2024290320243017080Copyright © Каясова А.О., Басков Ф.А., Лобова Т.А., Левашов Е.А., 20242024Каясова А.О., Басков Ф.А., Лобова Т.А., Левашов Е.А.Kayasova A.O., Baskov F.A., Lobova T.A., Levashov E.A.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://cvmet.misis.ru/jour/article/view/1586

Методом селективного лазерного сплавления (СЛС) в среде азота был получен материал из стали марки ПР-03Н18К9М5ТЮ (аналог ЧС4). Изучено влияние горячего изостатического прессования (ГИП) и термообработки (ТО) – закалки (З) и старения (С) – на структуру и физико-механические свойства (σв, σ0,2, δ, ψ) СЛС-материала. Для анализа влияния постобработки (ГИП + ТО) на прочностные характеристики проведены испытания на разрыв. Проанализировано изменение остаточной пористости в результате различных режимов постобработки. Установлено повышение прочностных и пластических характеристик материала с наименьшей концентрацией структурных дефектов и минимальной остаточной пористостью. Исследованы микроструктура и изменения, происходящие в материале под влиянием различных технологических режимов термообработки. Мелкозернистая однородная структура, полученная при сочетании СЛС с ГИП и ТО, обеспечивает оптимальные показатели прочностных и пластических свойств материала. Прирост механических свойств обусловлен дисперсным упрочнением в результате выделения избыточной фазы Ni3Ti. Фрактографический анализ образцов показал, что в результате постобработки разрушение материала происходит по вязко-ямочному механизму путем среза и отрыва с образованием изломов смешанного типа. Изломы образцов, с наилучшими показателями механических свойств, характеризуются однородной поверхностью вязкого внутрезеренного разрушения с выраженными признаками пластической деформации Методом измерительного индентирования определены твердость (Н), модуль упругости (Е) и степень упругого восстановления. Значения твердости и модуля упругости возрастают от Н = 4,6 ГПа и Е = 194 ГПа для образца в состоянии ГИП до Н = 8,5 ГПа, Е = 256 ГПа для образца после ГИП + З + С.

We fabricate samples of PR-03N18K9M5TYu steel (equivalent to ChS4) using selective laser melting (SLM) in a nitrogen atmosphere. Our research focused on the influence of hot isostatic pressing (HIP) combined with heat treatment (HT), specifically hardening and aging, on the steel's structure and its physical and mechanical properties (σucs, σys, δ, ψ). Through tensile testing, we evaluated the impact of post-processing treatments (HIP followed by HT) on the material's strength. We also assessed how different post-processing protocols affected residual porosity. Our findings indicate that samples exhibiting the highest strength and plastic properties correspond to those with the least structural defects and minimal residual porosity. In-depth microstructural analysis revealed that the optimal structure–a fine-grained, homogeneous configuration–is achieved via the combined application of SLM, HIP, and subsequent HT. The improvement in mechanical properties can be primarily attributed to the dispersed hardening effect, which is a consequence of the precipitation of the superfluous Ni3Ti phase. Fractographic examination revealed that the post-processing leads to a ductile and dimple fracture, occurring through mechanisms of shearing and detachment, giving rise to mixed-type fractures. The samples that displayed superior mechanical properties were characterized by a homogenous ductile intergranular fracture surface with clear evidence of plastic deformation. We measured the hardness (Н), modulus of elasticity (Е), and elastic recovery via indentation methods. The post-processing treatments notably enhanced material hardness and elastic modulus, with an increase from H = 4.6 GPa and E = 194 GPa in the sample post-HIP to H = 8.5 GPa and E = 256 GPa following HIP coupled with hardening and aging.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.