cvmetИзвестия вузов. Цветная металлургияIzvestiya. Non-Ferrous Metallurgy0021-34382412-8783НИТУ МИСИС10.17073/0021-3438-2023-1-16-25cvmet-1448Research ArticleМеталлургия цветных металловMetallurgy of Non-Ferrous MetalsУтилизация сульфидно-мышьяковистого кекаThe disposal of sulfide-arsenic cakehttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-9201-4044НовиковД. О.NovikovD. O.

– к.т.н., младший научный сотрудник лаборатории пирометаллургии цветных металлов

620016, г. Екатеринбург, ул. Амундсена, 101

Cand. Sci. (Eng.), Junior Researcher of the Laboratory of Non-Ferrous Metals Pyrometallurgy

101 Amundsen str., Ekaterinburg, 620016

dm93-vk@gmail.comhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-0133-9079ГалковаЛ. И.GalkovaL. I.

к.т.н., старший научный сотрудник лаборатории пирометаллургии цветных металлов 

620016, г. Екатеринбург, ул. Амундсена, 101

Lyudmila I.  – Cand. Sci. (Eng.), Senior Researcher of the Laboratory of Non-Ferrous Metals Pyrometallurgy

101 Amundsen str., Ekaterinburg, 620016

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0750-0070МальцевГ. И.MaltsevG. I.

д.т.н., к.х.н., старший научный сотрудник лаборатории пирометаллургии цветных металлов

620016, г. Екатеринбург, ул. Амундсена, 101

Dr. Sci. (Eng.), Cand. Sci. (Chem.), Senior Researcher of the Laboratory of Non-Ferrous Metals Pyrometallurgy

101 Amundsen str., Ekaterinburg, 620016

Институт металлургии УрО РАНРоссияInstitute of Metallurgy of Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of SciencesRussian Federation2023180220232911625Copyright © Новиков Д.О., Галкова Л.И., Мальцев Г.И., 20232023Новиков Д.О., Галкова Л.И., Мальцев Г.И.Novikov D.O., Galkova L.I., Maltsev G.I.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://cvmet.misis.ru/jour/article/view/1448

При переработке сульфидных медно-цинковых концентратов на медеплавильных заводах образуются сульфидномышьяковистые кеки, подлежащие утилизации. Для решения глобальной экологической проблемы мышьяка в металлургической и горнодобывающей отраслях промышленности он должен быть надежно сконцентрирован и иммобилизован в технологических потоках с последующим удалением отходов. Сплавление мышьяковистого кека с элементной серой приводит к образованию стекловидных сульфидов, которые менее токсичны в сравнении с дисперсным порошкообразным кеком, однородны и обладают компактной формой. Продукт сплавления представлен нестехиометрическим сульфидом мышьяка, близким по составу к As2S5. Высокая химическая устойчивость стеклообразных сульфидов мышьяка подтверждается результатами выщелачивания по методике TCLP. Продукты сплавления имеют в 100 раз меньшую растворимость по сравнению с исходным кеком. Достижение растворимости мышьяка в сплаве ниже пороговой концентрации (5 мг/дм3 ) позволяет рекомендовать утилизацию мышьяковистого кека способом сплавления его с элементной серой. Продукты сплавления относятся к неопасным отходам и пригодны для длительного хранения. Изучены состав и структура сплавов кека с железным порошком. В сплавленных образцах выявлены новые соединения переменного состава: арсениды и сульфиды железа, сульфиды мышьяка и арсенопириты. Исследования показали, что продукты сплавления с железом обладают растворимостью в 10–15 раз меньшей, чем соединения мышьяка в исходном кеке, но выше пороговой концентрации по методике TCLP. Поэтому сплавление с железом не может быть рекомендовано к практическому использованию для утилизации мышьяковистых кеков.

When processing sulfide copper-zinc concentrates at copper smelters, sulfide-arsenic cakes are formed, which are subject to disposal. To solve the global environmental problem of arsenic in the metallurgical and mining industries, it must be reliably concentrated and fixed in technological flows with subsequent waste disposal. The fusion of arsenic cake with elemental sulfur leads to the formation of vitreous sulfides, which are less toxic in comparison with dispersed powdered cake, homogeneous and compact in shape. The fusion product is represented by non-stoichiometric arsenic sulfide, similar in composition to As2S5. The high chemical stability of glassy arsenic sulfides is confirmed by the results of leaching by TCLP method. The fusion products have 100 times lower solubility compared to the initial cake. Achieving the solubility of arsenic in the alloy below the threshold concentration (5 mg/dm3 ) makes it possible to recommend the disposal of arsenic cake by fusing it with elemental sulfur. The fusion products belong to non-hazardous waste and are suitable for long-term storage. The composition and structure of cake fusions with iron powder have been studied. New compounds of variable composition were identified in the fused samples: arsenides and sulfides of iron, arsenic sulfides and arsenopyrites. Studies have shown that the products of fusion with iron have a solubility 10–15 times lower than the arsenic compounds in the initial cake but above the threshold concentration as per TCLP method. Therefore, fusion with iron cannot be recommended for practical use for the disposal of arsenic cakes.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.