<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE article PUBLIC "-//NLM//DTD JATS (Z39.96) Journal Publishing DTD v1.3 20210610//EN" "JATS-journalpublishing1-3.dtd">
<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">cvmet</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Известия вузов. Цветная металлургия</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Izvestiya. Non-Ferrous Metallurgy</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">0021-3438</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2412-8783</issn><publisher><publisher-name>НИТУ "МИСИС"</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17073/0021-3438-2022-5-4-18</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">cvmet-1410</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Обогащение руд цветных металлов</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Mineral Processing of Non-Ferrous Metals</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Обоснование эффективности флотации в условиях нагрева смачивающих пленок</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Rationale for efficiency of flotation in the conditions of wetting film heating</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Евдокимов</surname><given-names>С. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Evdokimov</surname><given-names>S. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Евдокимов С.И. – канд. техн. наук, доцент кафедры «Обогащение полезных ископаемых»</p><p>362048, РСО-Алания, г. Владикавказ, пр-т Доватора, 43</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Evdokimov S.I. – Cand. Sci. (Eng.), assistant prof. of the Department of mineral processing</p><p>362048, Republic of North Ossetia-Alania, Vladikavkaz, Dovatora pr., 43</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">eva-ser@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Герасименко</surname><given-names>Т. Е.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Gerasimenko</surname><given-names>T. E.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Герасименко Т.Е. – канд. техн. наук, нач-к отдела интеллектуальной собственности</p><p>362048, РСО-Алания, г. Владикавказ, пр-т Доватора, 43</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Gerasimenko T.E. – Cand. Sci. (Eng.), head of Intellectual property Department</p><p>362048, Republic of North Ossetia-Alania, Vladikavkaz, Dovatora pr., 43</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">gerasimenko_74@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Северо-Кавказский горно-металлургический институт (СКГМИ)&#13;
(государственный технологический университет)</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>North Caucasian Mining and Metallurgical Institute (State Technological University)</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2022</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>19</day><month>10</month><year>2022</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>5</issue><fpage>4</fpage><lpage>18</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Евдокимов С.И., Герасименко Т.Е., 2022</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2022</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Евдокимов С.И., Герасименко Т.Е.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Evdokimov S.I., Gerasimenko T.E.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://cvmet.misis.ru/jour/article/view/1410">https://cvmet.misis.ru/jour/article/view/1410</self-uri><abstract><p>При исследовании агрегативной устойчивости дисперсных систем методом седиментоволюметрии нарушение структуры воды в области контакта вызывает образование нанопузырьков, коалесценция которых приводит к появлению силы гидрофобного притяжения. Изменение агрегативной устойчивости водных дисперсий частиц может объясняться тем, что в межфазный зазор между поверхностями частиц затруднено втекание молекул воды с высоким потенциалом взаимодействия с молекулами среды и нарушен отток молекул воды с высокой интенсивностью взаимодействия с твердой поверхностью. Избыточное осмотическое давление между гидрофильными поверхностями вызывает их гидрофильное отталкивание, а избыточное осмотическое давление окружающей воды (пониженное осмотическое давление между поверхностями) – гидрофобное притяжение поверхностей. Для изменения результата флотации достаточно подвести тепловой поток к слою жидкости наноразмерной толщины, в пределах которого локализовано действие сил структурного происхождения, определяющих устойчивость смачивающих пленок. Для повышения температуры в межфазном зазоре между частицей и пузырьком за счет теплоты конденсации водяного пара предложено применять в качестве газа при флотации смесь воздуха с горячим водяным паром. Разработанный способ флотации апробирован при флотации золотосодержащих руд. Рациональный расход пара, определенный по результатам факторного эксперимента, составляет 10,7·10–3 кг/(с·м2) при расходе ксантогената 1,74 г/т. В операции основной флотации использован струйный способ построения схемы, предусматривающий объединение исходного питания и чернового концентрата. В сравнении с флотацией руд по фабричной схеме выход концентрата, направляемого на гидрометаллургическую переработку, на 23,4 отн.% меньше при сохранении достигнутого уровня извлечении золота.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>When studying the aggregative stability of dispersed systems by sediment volumetry, nanobubbles are formed due to water structure imperfections in the contact area, and the coalescence of nanobubbles results in a hydrophobic attraction force. Changes in the aggregative stability of aqueous dispersions of particles can be explained as follows: water molecules with a high potential of interaction with medium molecules are difficult to flow into the interfacial gap between particle surfaces, and the outflow of water molecules with a high intensity of interaction with a solid surface is impaired. Excessive osmotic pressure between hydrophilic surfaces causes their hydrophilic repulsion, and excessive osmotic pressure of the surrounding water (reduced osmotic pressure between surfaces) causes hydrophobic attraction of the surfaces. To change the result of flotation, it is sufficient to bring the heat flow to a thin liquid layer of nanoscale thickness with the action of forces of structural origin localized inside, which determine the stability of wetting films. To increase the temperature in the interfacial gap between theparticle and the bubble due to the heat of water vapor condensation, it is proposed to use a mixture of air with hot water vapor as a gas during flotation. The developed flotation method was tested in the flotation of gold-bearing ores. The rational vapor consumption determined based on the factorial experiment results is 10.7·10–3 kg/(s·m2) at a xanthate consumption of 1.74 g/t. The rougher flotation operation used a jet method of flotation circuit design, which provides for the combination of the initial feed and the rough concentrate. In comparison with ore flotation according to the factory scheme, the yield of concentrate sent for hydrometallurgical processing is 23.4 rel.% less while maintaining the gold recovery level achieved.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>золотосодержащая руда</kwd><kwd>флотация</kwd><kwd>смачивающие пленки</kwd><kwd>устойчивость</kwd><kwd>силы структурного происхождения</kwd><kwd>температурная зависимость</kwd><kwd>извлечение</kwd><kwd>выход концентрата</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>gold ore</kwd><kwd>flotation</kwd><kwd>wetting films</kwd><kwd>stability</kwd><kwd>forces of structural origin</kwd><kwd>temperature dependence</kwd><kwd>recovery</kwd><kwd>concentrate yield</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Сидоров И.А. Разработка технологии извлечения золота из упорных золотых концентратов на основе процесса сверхтонкого помола: Автореф. дис. ... канд. техн. наук. Иркутск: Иркутский нац. иссл. техн. ун-т, 2018.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Sidorov I.A. Development of technology for extracting gold from refractory gold concentrates based on the process of ultrafine grinding: Abstract of the dissertation ... Cand. techn. sci. Irkutsk: Irkutskii natsional’nyi issledovatel’skii tekhnicheskii universitet, 2018 (In Russ.).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit2"><label>2</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Александрова Т.Н., Афанасова А.В., Александров А.В. Применение микроволновой обработки для снижения степени упорности углеродистых концентратов. Физ.-техн. пробл. разраб. полез. ископаемых. 2020. No. 1. С. 148—154.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Aleksandrova T.N., Afanasova A.V., Aleksandrov A.V. The use of microwave treatment to reduce the degree of persistence of carbonaceous concentrates. Fiziko-tekhnicheskie problemy razrabotki poleznykh iskopaemykh. 2020. No. 1. P. 148—154 (In Russ.).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit3"><label>3</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Матвеева Т.Н., Громова Н.К., Ланцова Л.Б. Анализ комплексообразующих и адсорбционных свойств дитиокарбаматов на основе циклических и алифатических аминов для флотации золотосодержащих руд. Физ.-техн. пробл. разраб. полез. ископаемых. 2020. No. 2. С. 121—127.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Matveeva T.N., Gromova N.K., Lantsova L.B. Analysis of the complexing and adsorption properties of dithiocarbamates based on cyclic and aliphatic amines for the flotation of gold-bearing ores. Fiziko-tekhnicheskie problemy razrabotki poleznykh iskopaemykh. 2020. No. 2. P. 121—127 (In Russ.).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit4"><label>4</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Гаврилова Т.Г., Кондратьев С.А. Влияние физической формы сорбции собирателя на активацию флотации сфалерита. Физ.-техн. пробл. разраб. полез. ископаемых. 2020. No. 3. С. 131—143.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Gavrilova T.G., Kondratiev S.A. Influence of the physical form of sorption of the collector on the activation of sphalerite flotation. Fiziko-tekhnicheskie problemy razrabotki poleznykh iskopaemykh. 2020. No. 3. P. 131—143 (In Russ.).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit5"><label>5</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Хуайфа В., Бочкарев Г.Р., Ростовцев В.И., Вейгельт Ю.П., Лу Шоуци. Интенсификация обогащения полиметаллических сульфидных руд высокоэнергетическими электронами. Физ.-техн. пробл. разраб. полез. ископаемых. 2002. No. 5. С. 96—103.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Khuaifa V., Bochkarev G.R., Rostovtsev V.I., Veigel′t Yu.P., Lu Shoutsi. Intensification of enrichment of polymetallic sulfide ores with high-energy electrons. Fizikotekhnicheskie problemy razrabotki poleznykh iskopaemykh. 2002. No. 5. P. 96—103 (In Russ.).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit6"><label>6</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Чантурия В.А., Бунин И.Ж., Рязанцева М.В., Чантурия Е.Л., Хабарова И.А., Копорулина Е.В., Анашкина Н.Е. Модификация структурно-химических и технологических свойств минералов редких металлов при воздействии высоковольтных наносекундных импульсов. Физ.-техн. пробл. разраб. полез. ископаемых. 2017. No. 4. С. 117—134.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Chanturiya V.A., Bunin I.Zh., Ryazantseva M.V., Chanturiya E.L., Khabarova I.A., Koporulina E.V., Anashkina N.E. Modification of the structural-chemical and technological properties of rare metal minerals under the influence of high-voltage nanosecond pulses. Fiziko-tekhnicheskie problemy razrabotki poleznykh iskopaemykh. 2017. No. 4. P. 117—134 (In Russ.).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit7"><label>7</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Алгебраистова Н.К., Бурдакова Е.А., Романченко А.С., Маркова А.С., Колотушкин Д.М., Антонов А.В. Исследование влияния разрядно-импульсной обработки на структурно-химические свойства сульфидных минералов и их флотируемость. Физ.-техн. пробл. разраб. полез. ископаемых. 2017. No. 4. С. 145—152.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Algebraistova N.K., Burdakova E.A., Romanchenko A.S., Markova A.S., Kolotushkin D.M., Antonov A.V. Investigation of the influence of discharge-pulse processing on the structural and chemical properties of sulfide minerals and their floatability. Fiziko-tekhnicheskie problemy razrabotki poleznykh iskopaemykh. 2017. No. 4. P. 145—152 (In Russ.).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit8"><label>8</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Albrecht T.W.S., Addai-Mensah J., Fornasiero D. Critical copper concentration in spha-lerite flotation: Effect of temperature and collector. Int. J. Miner. Process. 2016. Vol. 146. P. 15—22.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Albrecht T.W.S., Addai-Mensah J., Fornasiero D. Critical copper concentration in spha-lerite flotation: Effect of temperature and collector. Int. J. Miner. Process. 2016. Vol. 146. P. 15—22.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit9"><label>9</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Xu T., Sun C.-B. Aerosol flotation of low-grade refractory molybdenum ores. Int. J. Miner. Metall. Mater. 2012. Vol. 19. No. 12. P. 1069—1076.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Xu T., Sun C.-B. Aerosol flotation of low-grade refractory molybdenum ores. Int. J. Miner. Metall. Mater. 2012. Vol. 19. No. 12. P. 1069—1076.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit10"><label>10</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Евдокимов С.И., Герасименко Т.Е. Комбинированная гравитационно-флотационная технология обогащения техногенных россыпей золота. Известия вузов. Цветная металлургия. 2021. Т. 27. No. 4. С. 4—15.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Evdokimov S.I., Gerasimenko T.E. Combined gravityflotation technology for enrichment of technogenic gold placers. Izvestiya Vuzov. Tsvetnaya Metallurgiya (Izvestiya. Non-Ferrous Metallurgy). 2021. Vol. 27. No. 4. P. 4—15 (In Russ.).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit11"><label>11</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Евдокимов С.И., Герасименко Т.Е. Схема и режим флотации для извлечения золота из упорных руд. Вестн. Магнитогорского гос. техн. ун-та им. Г.И. Носова. 2021. Т. 19. No. 3. С. 24—36.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Evdokimov S.I., Gerasimenko T.E. Scheme and flotation regime for extracting gold from refractory ores. Vestnik Magnitogorskogo gosudarstvennogo tekhnicheskogo universiteta im. G.I. Nosova. 2021. Vol. 19. No. 3. P. 24—36 (In Russ.).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit12"><label>12</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Пчелин В.А. О моделировании гидрофобных взаимодействий. Коллоид. журн. 1972. Т. 34. Вып. 5. С. 783—787.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Pchelin V.A. On modeling hydrophobic interactions. Kolloidnyi zhurnal. 1972. Vol. 34. Iss. 5. P. 783—787 (In Russ.).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit13"><label>13</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Урьев Н.Б. Физико-химическая динамика дисперсных систем. Успехи химии. 2007. Т. 73. No. 1. С. 39—62.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Uriev N.B. Physical and chemical dynamics of disperse systems. Uspekhi khimii. 2007. Vol. 73. No. 1. P. 39—62 (In Russ.).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit14"><label>14</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Лу Шоу-Цзы. О роли гидрофобного взаимодействия во флотации и флокуляции. Коллоид. журн. 1990. Т. 52. No. 5. С. 858—864.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Lu Shou-Tszy. On the role of hydrophobic interaction in flotation and flocculation. Kolloidnyi zhurnal. 1990. Vol. 52. No. 5. P. 858—864 (In Russ.).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit15"><label>15</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Чураев Н.В., Соболев В.Д. Вклад структурных сил в смачивание поверхности кварца растворами электролита. Коллоид. журн. 2000. Т. 62. No. 2. С. 278—285.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Churaev N.V., Sobolev V.D. Contribution of structural forces to the wetting of the quartz surface by electrolyte solutions. Kolloidnyi zhurnal. 2000. Vol. 62. No. 2. P. 278—285 (In Russ.).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit16"><label>16</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Чураев Н.В., Соболев В.Д. Прогноз условий смачивания на основе изотерм расклинивающего давления. Компьютерные расчеты. Коллоид. журн. 1995. Т. 57. No. 6. С. 888—896.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Churaev N.V., Sobolev V.D. Prediction of wetting conditions based on disjoining pressure isotherms. Computer calculations. Kolloidnyi zhurnal. 1995. Vol. 57. No. 6. P. 888—896 (In Russ.).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit17"><label>17</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Дерягин Б.В., Чураев Н.В. Смачивающие пленки. М.: Наука, 1984.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Deryagin B.V., Churaev N.V. Wetting membrane. Moscow: Nauka, 1984 (In Russ.).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit18"><label>18</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Smith A.M., Borkovec M., Trefalt G. Forces between solid surfaces in aqueous electrolyte solutions. Adv. Colloid Interface Sci. 2020. Vol. 275. P. 102078.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Smith A.M., Borkovec M., Trefalt G. Forces between solid surfaces in aqueous electrolyte solutions. Adv. Colloid Interface Sci. 2020. Vol. 275. P. 102078.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit19"><label>19</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Skvarla J. Hydrophobic interaction between macroscopic and microscopic surfaces. Unification using surface thermodynamics. Adv. Colloid Interface Sci. 2001. Vol. 91. Iss. 3. P. 335—390.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Skvarla J. Hydrophobic interaction between macroscopic and microscopic surfaces. Unification using surface thermodynamics. Adv. Colloid Interface Sci. 2001. Vol. 91. Iss. 3. P. 335—390.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit20"><label>20</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Gillies G., Kappl M., Butt H-J. Direct measurements of particle-bubble interactions. Adv. Colloid Interface Sci. 2005. Vol. 114-115. P. 165—172.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Gillies G., Kappl M., Butt H-J. Direct measurements of particle-bubble interactions. Adv. Colloid Interface Sci. 2005. Vol. 114-115. P. 165—172.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit21"><label>21</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Xie L., Wang J., Lu Q., Hu W., Yang D., Qiao C., Peng X., Peng Q., Wang T., Sun W., Lin Q., Zhang H., Zeng H. Surface interaction mechanisms in mineral flotation. Fundamentals, measurements, and perspectives. Adv. Colloid Interface Sci. 2021. Vol. 295. P. 102491.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Xie L., Wang J., Lu Q., Hu W., Yang D., Qiao C., Peng X., Peng Q., Wang T., Sun W., Lin Q., Zhang H., Zeng H. Surface interaction mechanisms in mineral flotation. Fundamentals, measurements, and perspectives. Adv. Colloid Interface Sci. 2021. Vol. 295. P. 102491.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit22"><label>22</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Hu P., Liang L. The role of hydrophobic interaction in the heterocoagulation between coal and quartz particles. Miner. Eng. 2020. Vol. 154. P. 106421.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Hu P., Liang L. The role of hydrophobic interaction in the heterocoagulation between coal and quartz particles. Miner. Eng. 2020. Vol. 154. P. 106421.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit23"><label>23</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Mishchuk N.A. The model of hydrophobic attraction in theframework of classical DLVO forces. Adv. Colloid Interface Sci. 2011. Vol. 168. Iss. 1—2. P. 149—166.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Mishchuk N.A. The model of hydrophobic attraction in theframework of classical DLVO forces. Adv. Colloid Interface Sci. 2011. Vol. 168. Iss. 1—2. P. 149—166.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit24"><label>24</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Li Z., Yoon R.-H. AFM force measurements between gold and silver surface treated in ethyl xanthate soiutions: Effect of applied potentials. Miner. Eng. 2012. Vol. 36—38. P. 126—131.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Li Z., Yoon R.-H. AFM force measurements between gold and silver surface treated in ethyl xanthate soiutions: Effect of applied potentials. Miner. Eng. 2012. Vol. 36—38. P. 126—131.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit25"><label>25</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Wang J., Yoon R-H., Morris J. AFM surface force measuremens conducted between gold surface treated in xanthate solutions. Int. J. Miner. Process. 2013. Vol. 122. P. 13—21.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Wang J., Yoon R-H., Morris J. AFM surface force measuremens conducted between gold surface treated in xanthate solutions. Int. J. Miner. Process. 2013. Vol. 122. P. 13—21.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit26"><label>26</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Pan L., Yoon R.-H. Measurement of hydrophobic forces in thin liquid films of water between bubbles and xanthate-treated gold surfaces. Miner. Eng. 2016. Vol. 98. P. 240—250.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Pan L., Yoon R.-H. Measurement of hydrophobic forces in thin liquid films of water between bubbles and xanthate-treated gold surfaces. Miner. Eng. 2016. Vol. 98. P. 240—250.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit27"><label>27</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Sedev R., Exerova D. DLVO and non-DLVO surfaces in foam films from amphiphilic block copolymers. Adv. Colloid Interface Sci. 1999. Vol. 83. Iss. 1—3. P. 111—136.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Sedev R., Exerova D. DLVO and non-DLVO surfaces in foam films from amphiphilic block copolymers. Adv. Colloid Interface Sci. 1999. Vol. 83. Iss. 1—3. P. 111—136.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit28"><label>28</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Liu S., Xie L., Liu G., Zhong H., Zeng H. Understanding the hetero-aggregation mechanism among sulfide and oxide mineral particles driven by bifunctional surfactants: Intensification flotation of oxide minerals. Miner. Eng. 2021. Vol. 169. P. 106928.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Liu S., Xie L., Liu G., Zhong H., Zeng H. Understanding the hetero-aggregation mechanism among sulfide and oxide mineral particles driven by bifunctional surfactants: Intensification flotation of oxide minerals. Miner. Eng. 2021. Vol. 169. P. 106928.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit29"><label>29</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Krasowska M., Malysa K. Wetting films in attachment of the colloiding bubble. Adv. Colloid Interface Sci. 2007. Vol. 134—135. P. 138—150.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Krasowska M., Malysa K. Wetting films in attachment of the colloiding bubble. Adv. Colloid Interface Sci. 2007. Vol. 134—135. P. 138—150.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit30"><label>30</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Theodorakis P.E., Che Z. Surface nanobubbles: A review. Adv. Colloid Interface Sci. 2019. Vol. 272. P. 101995.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Theodorakis P.E., Che Z. Surface nanobubbles: A review. Adv. Colloid Interface Sci. 2019. Vol. 272. P. 101995.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit31"><label>31</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Nguyen A.V., Nalaskowski J., Miller J.D., Butt H.-J. Attraction between hydrophobic surfaces studied by atomic force microscopy. Int. J. Miner. Process. 2003. Vol. 72. Iss. 1—4. P. 215—225.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Nguyen A.V., Nalaskowski J., Miller J.D., Butt H.-J. Attraction between hydrophobic surfaces studied by atomic force microscopy. Int. J. Miner. Process. 2003. Vol. 72. Iss. 1—4. P. 215—225.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit32"><label>32</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Attard P. Nanobubbles and the hydrophobic attraction. Adv. Colloid Interface Sci. 2003. Vol. 104. Iss. 1—3. P. 75—91.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Attard P. Nanobubbles and the hydrophobic attraction. Adv. Colloid Interface Sci. 2003. Vol. 104. Iss. 1—3. P. 75—91.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit33"><label>33</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Simonsen A.C., Hansen P.L., Klösgen B. Nanobubbles give evidence of incomplete wetting at a hydrophobic interface. J. Colloid Interface Sci. 2004. Iss. 1. P. 291—299.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Simonsen A.C., Hansen P.L., Klösgen B. Nanobubbles give evidence of incomplete wetting at a hydrophobic interface. J. Colloid Interface Sci. 2004. Iss. 1. P. 291—299.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit34"><label>34</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Hampton M.A., Nguyen A.V. Nanobubbles and the nanobubble bridging capillary force. Adv. Colloid Interface Sci. 2010. Vol. 154. Iss. 1—2. P. 30—55.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Hampton M.A., Nguyen A.V. Nanobubbles and the nanobubble bridging capillary force. Adv. Colloid Interface Sci. 2010. Vol. 154. Iss. 1—2. P. 30—55.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit35"><label>35</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Li Z., Yoon R.-H. AFM force measurements between gold and silver surfaces treated in ethyl xanthate solutions: Effect of applied potentials. Miner. Eng. 2012. Vol. 36—38. P. 126—131.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Li Z., Yoon R.-H. AFM force measurements between gold and silver surfaces treated in ethyl xanthate solutions: Effect of applied potentials. Miner. Eng. 2012. Vol. 36—38. P. 126—131.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit36"><label>36</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Ejenstam L., Ovaskainen L., Rodriguez-Meizoso I., Wagberg L., Pan J., Swerin A., Claesson P.M. The effect of superhydrophobic wetting state on corrosion protection — The AKD example. J. Colloid Interface Sci. 2013. Vol. 412. P. 56—64.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Ejenstam L., Ovaskainen L., Rodriguez-Meizoso I., Wagberg L., Pan J., Swerin A., Claesson P.M. The effect of superhydrophobic wetting state on corrosion protection — The AKD example. J. Colloid Interface Sci. 2013. Vol. 412. P. 56—64.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit37"><label>37</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Zhu J., Zangari G., Reed M.L. Three-phase contact force equilibrium of liquid drops at hydrophilic and superhydrophobic surfaces. J. Colloid Interface Sci. 2013. Vol. 404. P. 179—182.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Zhu J., Zangari G., Reed M.L. Three-phase contact force equilibrium of liquid drops at hydrophilic and superhydrophobic surfaces. J. Colloid Interface Sci. 2013. Vol. 404. P. 179—182.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit38"><label>38</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Belyaev A.V., Vinogradova O.I. Effective slip in pressure-driven flow past super-hydrophobic stripes. J. Fluid Mech. 2010. Vol. 652. P. 489—499.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Belyaev A.V., Vinogradova O.I. Effective slip in pressure-driven flow past super-hydrophobic stripes. J. Fluid Mech. 2010. Vol. 652. P. 489—499.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit39"><label>39</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Liu S., Xie L., Liu G., Zhong H., Zeng H. Understanding the hetero-aggregation mechanism among sulfide and oxide mineral particles driven by bifunctional surfactants: Intensification flotation of oxide minerals. Miner. Eng. 2021. Vol. 169. P. 106928.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Liu S., Xie L., Liu G., Zhong H., Zeng H. Understanding the hetero-aggregation mechanism among sulfide and oxide mineral particles driven by bifunctional surfactants: Intensification flotation of oxide minerals. Miner. Eng. 2021. Vol. 169. P. 106928.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit40"><label>40</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Hu P., Liang L. The role of hydrophobic interaction in the heterocoagulation between coal and quartz particles. Miner. Eng. 2020. Vol. 154. P. 106421.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Hu P., Liang L. The role of hydrophobic interaction in the heterocoagulation between coal and quartz particles. Miner. Eng. 2020. Vol. 154. P. 106421.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit41"><label>41</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Huang K., Yoon R.-H. Control of bubble ζ-potentials to improve the kinetics of bubble-particle interactions. Miner. Eng. 2020. Vol. 151. P. 106295.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Huang K., Yoon R.-H. Control of bubble ζ-potentials to improve the kinetics of bubble-particle interactions. Miner. Eng. 2020. Vol. 151. P. 106295.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit42"><label>42</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Gunko V.M., Turov V.V., Bogatyrev V.M., Zarko V.I., Goncharuk E.V.,Novza A.A., Chuiko A.A., Leboda R., Turov A.V. Unusual properties of water at hydrophilic/hydrophobic interfaces. Adv. Colloid Interface Sci. 2005. Vol. 118. Iss. 1—3. P. 125—172.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Gunko V.M., Turov V.V., Bogatyrev V.M., Zarko V.I., Goncharuk E.V.,Novza A.A., Chuiko A.A., Leboda R., Turov A.V. Unusual properties of water at hydrophilic/hydrophobic interfaces. Adv. Colloid Interface Sci. 2005. Vol. 118. Iss. 1—3. P. 125—172.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit43"><label>43</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Miller J.D., Wang X., Jin J., Shrimali K. Interfacial water structure and the wetting of mineral surfaces. Int. J. Miner. Process. 2016. Vol. 156. P. 62—68.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Miller J.D., Wang X., Jin J., Shrimali K. Interfacial water structure and the wetting of mineral surfaces. Int. J. Miner. Process. 2016. Vol. 156. P. 62—68.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit44"><label>44</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Drost-Hansen W. Structure of water near solid interfaces. J. Ind. Eng. Chem. 1969. Vol. 61. No. 11. P. 10—47.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Drost-Hansen W. Structure of water near solid interfaces. J. Ind. Eng. Chem. 1969. Vol. 61. No. 11. P. 10—47.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit45"><label>45</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Чураев Н.В. Поверхностные силы и физикохимия поверхностных явлений. Успехи химии. 2004. Т. 73. No. 1. С. 26—38.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Чураев Н.В. Поверхностные силы и физикохимия поверхностных явлений. Успехи химии. 2004. Т. 73. No. 1. С. 26—38.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit46"><label>46</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Churaev N.V. Surface forces and physical chemistry of surface phenomena. Uspekhi khimii. 2004. Vol. 73. No. 1. P. 26—38 (In Russ.).</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Churaev N.V. Surface forces and physical chemistry of surface phenomena. Uspekhi khimii. 2004. Vol. 73. No. 1. P. 26—38 (In Russ.).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit47"><label>47</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Boinovich L., Emelyanenko A. Wetting and surface forces. Adv. Colloid Interface Sci. 2011. Vol. 165. Iss. 2. P. 60—69.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Boinovich L., Emelyanenko A. Wetting and surface forces. Adv. Colloid Interface Sci. 2011. Vol. 165. Iss. 2. P. 60—69.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit48"><label>48</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Xie L., Wang J., Lu Q., Hu W., Yang D., Qiao C., Peng X., Peng Q., Wang T., Su W., Liu Q., Zhang H., Zeng H. Surface interaction mechamisms in mineral flotation: Fundamentals, measurements, and perspectives. Adv. Colloid Interface Scie. 2021. Vol. 295. P. 102491.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Xie L., Wang J., Lu Q., Hu W., Yang D., Qiao C., Peng X., Peng Q., Wang T., Su W., Liu Q., Zhang H., Zeng H. Surface interaction mechamisms in mineral flotation: Fundamentals, measurements, and perspectives. Adv. Colloid Interface Scie. 2021. Vol. 295. P. 102491.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit49"><label>49</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Smith A.M., Borkovec M., Trefalt G. Forces between solid surfaces in aqueous electrolyte solutions. Adv. Colloid Interface Sci. 2020. Vol. 275. P. 102078.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Smith A.M., Borkovec M., Trefalt G. Forces between solid surfaces in aqueous electrolyte solutions. Adv. Colloid Interface Sci. 2020. Vol. 275. P. 102078.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit50"><label>50</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Ролдугин В.И. О едином механизме действия поверхностных сил различной природы. Коллоидный журнал. 2015. Т. 77. No. 2. С. 214—218.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Roldugin V.I. On the unified mechanism of action of surface forces of various nature. Kolloidnyi zhurnal. 2015. Vol. 77. No. 2. P. 214—218 (In Russ.).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit51"><label>51</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Zheng J-M., Chin W-C., Khijniak E., Pollack G.H. Surfaces and interfacial water: Evidence that hydrophilic surfaces have long-range impact. Adv. Colloid Interface Sci. 2006. Vol. 127. Iss. 1. P. 19—27.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Zheng J-M., Chin W-C., Khijniak E., Pollack G.H. Surfaces and interfacial water: Evidence that hydrophilic surfaces have long-range impact. Adv. Colloid Interface Sci. 2006. Vol. 127. Iss. 1. P. 19—27.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref></ref-list><fn-group><fn fn-type="conflict"><p>The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.</p></fn></fn-group></back></article>
